Telomerase inhibition
has been an important strategy in cancer
therapies, but for which effective drugs are still required. Here,
noncovalent hybrid nanoplatforms containing the tetracationic 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methyl-pyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin
(TMPyP) and graphene oxide (GO) were prepared for promoting telomerase
inhibition through the selective detection and stabilization of DNA
guanine-quadruplex (G-Q) structures. Upon binding TMPyP to the GO
sheets, the typical absorption bands of porphyrin have been red-shifted
and the fluorescence emission was quenched. Raman mapping was used
for the first time to provide new insights into the role of the electrostatic
and π–π stacking interactions in the formation
of such hybrids. The selective recovery of fluorescence observed during
the titration of TMPyP@GO with G-Q, resembles a selective “turn-off–on”
fluorescence sensor for the detection of G-Q, paving the way for a
new class of antitumor drugs.
Electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) and Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy were used to investigate the non-covalent interactions between small oligonucleotide duplexes with the GC motif and a group of cationic meso(N-methylpyridynium-4-yl)porphyrins (four free bases with one to four positive charges, and the zinc complex of the tetracationic free base). The results obtained point to outside binding of the porphyrins, with the binding strength increasing with the number of positive charges. Fragmentations involving losses from both chains were observed for the porphyrins with N-methylpyridinium-4-yl groups in opposite meso positions.
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