ABSTRACT. The present study was carried out at the Environmental Research Laboratory (ERL), University of Arizona, to assess the effect of the addition of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), at different densities, on the growth performance of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The growth rate and feed conversion of shrimp, both in polyculture and monoculture, were evaluated. Shrimp-tilapia proportions were 20:8 individuals in Treatment One (T1), 20:4 individuals in Treatment Two (T2) and 20:2 individuals in Treatment Three (T3), while in Treatment Four (T4) shrimp were stocked as a control group with a ratio of 20:0. The experiment lasted for four weeks at 10 ppt water salinity. The shrimp and fish were fed once a day with 8% and 3% of their body weight, respectively, using a 35% protein feed. At the end of the experiment, the average individual weight and best feed conversion ratio were obtained in shrimp polyculture treatment with highest tilapia density 6.08 ± 0.18 g and 1.26 ± 0.01 respectively, while the lowest scores were found in the monoculture treatment with 5.14 ± 0.59 g and 1.35 ± 0.01, respectively (P < 0.05). The present study demonstrate that integrated farming of shrimp and tilapia, with a polyculture sequential tanks system is technically feasible and increases the production of shrimp, which is higher than in monoculture, without any adverse interaction between fish and shrimp. Keywords: aquaculture, polyculture, sequential system, shrimp, tilapia.Efecto de la tilapia del Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) sobre el crecimiento del camarón blanco del Pacífico (Litopenaeus vannamei), en un sistema de policultivo secuencial RESUMEN. El presente estudio se llevó a cabo en el Laboratorio de Investigación del Medio Ambiente (ERL). de la Universidad de Arizona, para evaluar el efecto de la adición de la tilapia del Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) a diferentes densidades, en el desempeño del crecimiento del camarón blanco del Pacífico (Litopenaeus vannamei). La tasa de crecimiento y conversión alimenticia del camarón, tanto en policultivo y monocultivo, fueron evaluados. Las proporciones de camarón y la tilapia fueron de 20:8 individuos en el tratamiento uno (T1), 20:4 en el tratamiento dos (T2) y de 20:2 en el tratamiento tres (T3), mientras que en el tratamiento cuatro (T4), únicamente fueron sembrados camarones, participando como grupo control con una relación de 20:0. El experimento se realizó durante cuatro semanas y agua a 10 ppm de salinidad. Los camarones y peces fueron alimentados una vez al día con el 8% y 3% de su peso corporal, de manera respectiva, empleando alimento con el 35% de proteína. Al final del experimento, el peso individual promedio y la mejor conversión alimenticia de los camarones fueron obtenidos en el policultivo con mayor densidad de tilapia 6.08 ± 0,18 g y 1,26 ± 0,01, mientras que, los resultados más bajos se encontraron en el tratamiento de monocultivo con 5,14 ± 0.59 g y 1,35 ± 0,01, respectivamente (P < 0,05). El presente estudio demuestra que el cultivo integral de...
Evaluación de la eficiencia productiva de tres líneas de tilapia con reversión sexual en un sistema de recirculación (RAS)CésarLos alevines, previamente masculinizados con la hormona 17-α-metil-testosterona (MT), se contaron individualmente, pesaron y distribuyeron aleatoriamente en tres grupos iguales de 60 alevines cada uno. El primer grupo de tilapia del Nilo tuvo un peso promedio inicial de 1,43 g ± 0,38; el segundo, híbrido de Spring de 1,20 ± 0,23 g y el tercero Pargo-UNAM de 1,28 ± 0,24 g. Las variables medidas fueron ganancia diaria de peso, conversión alimenticia y sobrevivencia para cada una de las líneas. Al final del ensayo, las líneas de tilapia del Nilo e hibrido de Spring, mostraron un mejor desempeño (crecimiento e índice de conversión), con diferencias significativas (P ≤ 0,05) en comparación con el pargo UNAM, que mostró un incremento promedio de peso y conversión alimenticia inferior. No se observaron diferencias significativas entre las líneas, en lo que a sobrevivencia se refiere (P ≥ 0,05). Palabras clave: Oreochromis aureus, Oreochromis niloticus, tilapia, sistema de recirculación (SRA), alevines. Evaluation of the productive efficiency of three strains of tilapia sex reversal in a recirculation system (RAS)ABSTRACT. This study was conducted to evaluate the productive performance of three strains. Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), hybrid of Spring (O. niloticus x O. mossambicus) and Pargum-UNAM from 25% hybrid Rocky Mountain (Oreochromis aureus x Oreochromis niloticus), 25% pink O. niloticus and 50% of red hybrid Florida Red Tilapia (O. urolepis hornorum x O. mossambicus), reared in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). The study lasting 75 days was carried out in polyethylene tanks with an individual capacity of 3.146,6 L. Each tank was divided in three compartments. Fry were previously masculinized with 17-α-methyltestosterone (MT) hormone, counted individually, weighed and randomly distributed into three equal groups of 60 each. The first group Nile tilapia, had an average initial weight of 1,43 g ± 0,38 the second, hybrid of Spring, recorded a weight of 1.20 ± 0.23 g and the third red Pargum-UNAM, weighed 1.28 ± 0.24 g. The variables measured were: daily weight gain, feed conversion and survival rate for each of the strains. At the end of the trial, the strains of Nile tilapia and hybridizes of Spring, showed a better performance (growth and conversion factor) with significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) compared with Pargum-UNAM, which showed a lower weight and conversion factor. There were not significant differences among the strains in survival (P ≥ 0.05).
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