Emotional intelligence (EI) refers to the ability to perceive, express, understand, and manage emotions. Current research indicates that it may protect against the emotional burden experienced in certain professions. This article aims to provide an updated systematic review of existing instruments to assess EI in professionals, focusing on the description of their characteristics as well as their psychometric properties (reliability and validity). A literature search was conducted in Web of Science (WoS). A total of 2761 items met the eligibility criteria, from which a total of 40 different instruments were extracted and analysed. Most were based on three main models (i.e., skill-based, trait-based, and mixed), which differ in the way they conceptualize and measure EI. All have been shown to have advantages and disadvantages inherent to the type of tool. The instruments reported in the largest number of studies are Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i), Schutte Self Report-Inventory (SSRI), Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test 2.0 (MSCEIT 2.0), Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS), Wong and Law’s Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS), and Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue). The main measure of the estimated reliability has been internal consistency, and the construction of EI measures was predominantly based on linear modelling or classical test theory. The study has limitations: we only searched a single database, the impossibility of estimating inter-rater reliability, and non-compliance with some items required by PRISMA.
El artículo presenta una exposición introductoria sobre el coeficiente alfa (Cronbach,1951), y los análisis adicionales que se pueden efectuar desde el enfoque de la prueba de hipótesis con este estadístico. Esta prueba de hipótesis de basa en hallar si las diferencias entre los coeficientes alfa obtenidos en muestras dependientes o independientes son estadísticamente significativas. Para ello, uno de los autores(Lautenschlager, 1989) ha creado un programa, ALPHATST, que es muy útil paracalcular y obtener la información necesaria que permita al investigador resolver lapregunta “¿son significativamente diferentes los coeficientes alfa hallados en muestras independientes (o dependientes)?”. Se exponen algunos ejemplos sobre el uso de este enfoque y así como de sus potenciales aplicaciones en el contexto educativo.
RESUMENEl motivo del presente estudio es validar la estructura interna del Cuestionario Revisado de Procesos de Estudio, Dos factores (Revised-Study Process Questionnaire-2 Factors; Biggs, Kember & Leung, 2001), en una muestra heterogénea de 269 participantes universitarios y no universitarios. Se aplicó la metodología de ecuaciones estructurales para probar varios modelos de medición: unidimensional, cuatro factores relacionados y con estructura jerárquica, y dos factores (ortogonales y oblicuos). Se halló que los modelos basados en cuatro factores no mostraron un ajuste satisfactorio, y uno tuvo problemas de convergencia ocasionados por la muy alta correlación interfactorial. El modelo de dos factores (profundo y superficial), con errores correlacionados, tuvo satisfactorio ajuste. La consistencia interna también fue satisfactoria. Se discute la utilidad del instrumento y su reformulación teórica.Palabras clave: enfoque de estudio, validez, modelamiento de ecuaciones estructurales. ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to validate the internal structure of the Revised-Study Process Questionnaire-2 Factors (Biggs, Kember & Leung, 2001), through a heterogeneous sample of 269 university and non-university participants. The structural equation methodology is used to test several measurement models: one-dimensional, four factors and hierarchical structure, and two factors (orthogonal and oblique).Theodels based on four factors did not show a satisfactory adjustment, and one had convergence problems caused by a very high interfactorial correlation. The two-factor model (deep and shallow) with correlated errors had a satisfactory adjustment. The internal consistency was satisfactory. The usefulness of the instrument and its theoretical reformulation is discussed.
Measuring prosocial conduct, just as other constructs which are relevant for psychological adjustment, requires a base of knowledge which is orderly and up-to-date, which helps to identify and methodological aspects for its construction. The objective of this study is to identify the instruments for measuring prosocial behavior which are available today in the empirical literature, as well as to analyze their characteristics and psychometric properties. In this study, the bibliographic search was carried out on the databases of web of science (WOS) and Dialnet from 1900 to 2017 with special emphasis on the last decade. Sixteen instruments relevant to prosocial behavior were chosen describing its applications and characteristics. There is a discussion of the implications of continuing research into measures of prosocial behavior.
Una estructura simple es sólida cuando se utiliza el análisis factorial para desarrollar instrumentos de medición. El presente artículo se basa en el programa SIMLOAD, que produce índices que miden la simplicidad factorial para las filas y columnas de una matriz de cargas factoriales (generalmente, el patrón de factores), tanto como índices globales de ajuste. Estos incluyen para las filas el índice de simplicidad factorial de Kaiser (1974); para las columnas, el índice de ajuste a la escala de Fleming; la medida matriz libre de escalas de Bentler (1977); y, el conteo de hiperplanos. Estas medidas se recomiendan para la construcción de escalas multifactoriales. Estos índices también pueden ser útiles para aplicaciones factoriales más generales, en el análisis exploratorio o confirmatorio. El programa SIMLOAD también calcula intercorrelaciones entre las escalas, coeficientes alfa de Cronbach, el efecto de la eliminación de un ítem sobre el alfa y el ordenamiento de las cargas factoriales de los ítems para facilitar la interpretación de la matriz resultante.
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