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It is difficult to analyze the workload in complex cloud computing environments with a single prediction algorithm as each algorithm has its own shortcomings. A self-adaptive prediction algorithm combining the advantages of linear regression (LR) and a BP neural network to predict workloads in clouds is proposed in this paper. The main idea of the self-adaptive prediction algorithm is to choose the better prediction method of the future workload. Some experiments of prediction algorithms are conducted with workloads on the public cloud servers. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has a relatively high accuracy on the workload predictions compared with the BP neural network and LR. Furthermore, in order to use the proposed algorithm in a cloud data center, a dynamic scheduling architecture of cloud resources is designed to improve resource utilization and reduce energy consumption.

Nowadays, how to improve energy efficiency has become a challenging problem in cloud computing. However, most existing efforts in improving the energy efficiency of a cloud system only focus on resource allocation at the system level like managing physical nodes or virtual machines. This paper tries to address the energy efficiency problem of a heterogeneous cloud system at the task scheduling level. A novel task scheduling algorithm is proposed to reduce the energy consumption of the system while maintaining its performance, without closing or consolidating any system resources such as virtual machines or storage systems. The algorithm dynamically monitors CPU and memory load information of participating nodes on a heterogeneous Hadoop platform with Ganglia, then selects and submits an appropriate task to the node with relatively low workload to avoid excessive energy consumption on some nodes. Experimental results show that this novel scheduling algorithm can effectively improve the energy-saving ratio of a heterogeneous cloud platform while maintaining a high system performance.