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This study seeks to examine and compare boxers throughout history creating a pound-for-pound list of the different fighters. A PageRank algorithm was utilized to rank the boxers from the network to determine a list of the top 10 fighters from 1897 to 2019. Two data sets were utilized, a truncated subset and a larger data set, to explore the impact of network size on the rank of boxers. Additionally, the researchers systematically varied the damping factor of the PageRank algorithm to determine the effects on the rankings. A discussion of the results includes a comparison of journalistic rankings and those from a points-based system from the respected boxing website BoxRec.

This article examines the use of the PageRank algorithm to rank the teams and predict team performance in the tournament. This method has the potential to be utilized as an alternative method to choose tournament participants, as opposed to the traditional ranking and seeding process currently employed by the NCAA. PageRank allows for the consideration of all games played during the regular season (average of 5832 games per season) and for customizable performance weights in the prediction. The PageRank algorithm is a viable tool in predicting tournament outcomes due to depth and extensiveness of the data. The PageRank analysis helped to predict over half of the tournament game outcomes correctly in 2014-2018 and produced an average bracket score of 81.8 points out of 192 possible over the same 5 years.

The purposes of the study are to examine how spectator dysfunctional behavior (SDB) influences spectator sport well-being (SSWB) via anger and how self-construal (i.e., independence vs. interdependence) moderates the relationships among SDB, anger, and SSWB. Two studies based on a scenario-based survey experiment are conducted. Study 1 uses a cross-cultural study (the U.S. vs. South Korea) to examine chronical self-construal. Study 2 applies a self-construal priming method to examine temporal effects of self-construal. The two studies report the significant mediating effect of anger between SDB and SSWB. The relationships between SDB and anger, and between SDB and SSWB are stronger in interdependent self-construal than independent self-construal. Study 2 further shows that anger influences independent individuals more strongly than interdependent counterparts in relation to SSWB. This article contributes the literature on sport spectatorship and consumer well-being by showing how sport spectatorship might impinge on consumer well-being. The illustrating of the moderating roles of self-construal offers theoretical insight into the intricate associations among SDB, anger, and SSWB.