The use of antibiotics in the poultry and livestock industries for the treatment and prevention of infectious diseases, and as growth promoters in poultry feeds has increased worldwide. Such frequent employment of antibiotics may contribute to the development and dissemination of bacterial antibiotic resistance. The present study was an attempt to isolate drug-resistant bacteria and to screen the probability of having residual antibiotics in the poultry feed samples. Therefore, a total of 18 samples inclusive of starter, grower and finisher of two poultry feed brands of reputed Bangladeshi feed companies were collected and subjected to microbiological analysis, antibiogram and agar well diffusion assay. All the samples contained extended numbers of total viable bacteria and fungi in an average of 108 and 107 cfu/g, respectively. Klebsiellaspp., Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp. were predominantly present in the tested samples. E. coli and Vibrio spp. were also found in most of the samples. Most isolates have been determined to be multidrug-resistant. All the isolates showed resistance against Cefuroxime. Penicillin resistance was found in most of the isolates in greater proportion. Higher rate of resistance was evident against Novobiocin, Cephradine and Rifampicin. However, the bacterial isolates showed sensitivity to Tobramycin, Nalidixic acid and Neomycin. The poultry feed samples, especially starter and finisher of both brands noticeably had significant antimicrobial activity against the laboratory isolates indicative of the probable presence of residual antibiotics which might be used as supplements in the poultry feed samples. Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.10 (1) 2020: 30-34

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Background: The anthelmintic activity of Butea frondosa seed extract as an alternative to the synthetic anthelmintic against GIPs in goats was undertaken by studying EPG, body weight and hemato-biochemical parameters in the infested goats. Methods: Goats (n=18) found positive for parasitic infection by screening at Goat Research Station (GRS), AAU, Byrnihat were selected for the study. Two doses of ethanolic extract of Butea frondosa seed @ 100 mg/kg (Group A, n=6), @ 200 mg/kg (Group B, n=6) and Fentasplus @ 5 mg/kg body weight p. o. (Group C, n= 6) were given on 0th day and 14th day. Faecal and blood samples were collected at weekly intervals for a period of 42 days. Result: A significant decrease in the EPG count was noticed on 14th day post treatment. A significant increase in body weight and Hb, PCV, TEC, total serum protein, albumin, sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, phosphorus and significant decrease in ESR, TLC, neutrophil, eosinophil count, AST, ALT and ALP were noticed post treatment. On the basis of reduction in EPG count and improvement in body weight and haemato-biochemical parameters, it is concluded that the ethanolic extracts of Butea frondosa seed @ 200 mg/kg body weight showed better result as anthelmintic in this study.

Background: Rotaviruses cause acute diarrhoea, mostly in young puppies. Rotavirus associated gastroenteritis in dog is of great concern not only because of their high morbidity and mortality, but became of the reason that, they act as potential source of zoonotic infection and inter-species transmission. There is no report on rotavirus infection in dog from Assam. Therefore, there is a need to study the haemato-biochemical alterations in rotavirus infected dogs while treating such type of clinical cases. Methods: A total of 157 faecal and blood samples were collected from the dogs affected with gastroenteritis, registered at Veterinary Clinical Complex, Khanapara, Assam during November, 2020 to April, 2021. Diagnosis of rotavirus was done by RNA-PAGE and RT-PCR. Haematological study of the canine rotavirus (CRV) infected dogs were carried out with automated haematological cell counter and biochemical analysis was done with semi-automated biochemistry analyser using commercial kit. Result: Out of 157 samples, 8 samples were found positive for canine rotavirus by RNA-PAGE and 17 samples by RT-PCR. Haemato-biochemical alterations in canine rotavirus infected dogs revealed significant increase in Hb, PCV, TEC, monocyte, lymphocyte, AST, ALT, BUN and creatinine while significant decrease in TLC, neutrophil, total protein, serum sodium, potassium and chloride.

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