Monoclonal antibodies recognizing the stable imidazole ring-opened form of the major N7-guanine aflatoxin B1-DNA adduct have been used in competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence assays to quantitate adduct levels in liver tissue. Methods were developed in AFB1-treated animals, then applied to paired tumor and nontumor liver tissues of hepatocellular carcinoma patients from Taiwan. An avidin-biotin complex staining method was also used for of the detection of hepatitis B surface (HBsAg) and X (HBxAg) antigens in liver sections. A total of 8 (30%) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples and 7 (26%) adjacent nontumor liver tissue samples from Taiwan were positive for AFB1-DNA adducts. For HBsAg, 10 (37%) HCC samples and 22 (81%) adjacent nontumorous liver samples were positive, and 9 (33%) HCC samples and 11 (41%) adjacent nontumor liver samples were HBxAg positive. No association with AFB1-DNA adducts was observed for HBsAg and HBxAg. These methods should be useful in determining the role of exposure in the induction of HCC in Taiwan.

The present study suggests that short-term lead exposure, either ambient lead exposure or blood lead level, was not related to blood pressure change among workers who had been exposed at work to occupational lead. These results add to the body of evidence indicating that blood lead exposure does not adversely affect blood pressure.

Monoclonal antibodies recognizing the stable imidazole ring-opened form ofthe major N7-guanine aflatoxin B,-DNA adduct have been used in competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence assays to quantitate adduct levels in liver tissue. Methods were developed inAFBI-treatedanimals, then applied to paired tumor and nontumor liver tissues of hepatoceliular carcinoma patients from Taiwan. An avidin-biotin complex staining method wasalso used for ofthe detection ofhepatitis B surface (HBsAg) and X (HBxAg) antigens in liversections. A total of 8 (30%) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples and 7 (26%) adjacent nontumor liver tissue samples from Taiwan were positive for AFB,-DNA adducts. For HEsAg, 10 (37%) HCC samples and 22 (81%) adjacent nontumorous liver samples were positive, and 9 (33%) HCC samples and U (41%) adjacent nontumor liver sunples were HBxAg positive. No association with AFBI-DNA adducts was observed for HBsAg and HBxAg. These methods should be useful in determining the role of exposure in the induction ofHCC in Taiwan.

Among lots of long Covid symptoms, we focus upon 3 key problems including loss of smell, loss of taste, sleep disturbance which are very potential upon acupuncture. By integration of acupuncture into current health care, patients suffered from long Covid can be expected to have a better life in the future.