Introduction To investigate weight status, insulin resistance assessed by HOMA-IR, and their interaction on liver function in non-diabetic Chinese adults. Methods and results A total of 7066 subjects were included, and divided into normal weight (n = 3447), overweight (n = 2801), and obese (n = 818) groups. Data including weight, height, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, y-glutamyl transferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were acquired. In multi-linear regression analysis for liver enzymes as dependent variables, insulin resistance emerged as a determinant of ALT (β = 0.165, P<0.001), AST (β = 0.040, P<0.001) and GGT (β = 0.170, P<0.001) after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, triglyceride, and cholesterol. Interactions between insulin resistance and weight status by body mass index were observed in ALT (P<0.001), AST (P<0.001) and GGT (P = 0.0418). Conclusion Insulin resistance had significant associations with greater risk of elevated ALT, AST and GGT level in non-diabetic Chinese adults, especially among those who were overweight/ obese.

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BackgroundEfficient early detection methods for lung cancer can significantly decrease patient mortality. One promising approach is the use of tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAABs) as a diagnostic tool. In this study, the researchers aimed to evaluate the potential of seven TAABs in detecting lung cancer within a population undergoing routine health examinations. The results of this study could provide valuable insights into the utility of TAABs for lung cancer screening and diagnosis.MethodsIn this study, the serum concentrations of specific antibodies were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in a cohort of 15,430 subjects. The efficacy of both a 7-TAAB panel and LDCT for lung cancer detection were evaluated through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) being assessed and compared. These results could have significant implications for the development of improved screening methods for lung cancer.ResultsOver the 12-month observation period, 26 individuals were diagnosed with lung cancer. The 7-TAAB panel demonstrated promising sensitivity (61.5%) and a high degree of specificity (88.5%). The panel’s area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.8062, which was superior to that of any individual TAAB. In stage I patients, the sensitivity of the panel was 50%. In our cohort, there was no gender or age bias observed. This 7-TAAB panel showed a sensitivity of approximately 60% in detecting lung cancer, regardless of histological subtype or lesion size. Notably, ground-glass nodules had a higher diagnostic rate than solid nodules (83.3% vs. 36.4%, P = 0.021). The ROC analyses further revealed that the combination of LDCT with the 7-TAAB assay exhibited a significantly superior diagnostic efficacy than LDCT alone.ConclusionIn the context of the study, it was demonstrated that the 7-TAAB panel showed improved detective efficacy of LDCT, thus serving as an effective aid for the detection of lung cancer in real-world scenarios.

TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractA new logging-while-drilling (LWD) tool that incorporates directional antennae and long measurement spacings has been developed and field tested. The directional electromagnetic (EM) tool measurements are more sensitive to approaching resistivity boundaries than existing propagation resistivity tools. Combining measurements from symmetrically arranged pairs of antennae further amplify this boundary effect while minimizing undesirable sensitivity to dip and anisotropy. Novel data processing and structure visualization software was developed to aid the decision-making and planning process. Field test results from Oman and the North Sea illustrate how the directional EM measurements fulfill the requirements for geosteering in thin, dipping, and curving targets with lateral resistivity variations. In addition, the directional EM tool also enables improved characterization of resistivity and resistivity anisotropy in high-angle and horizontal wells.

Background: Efficient methods of early detection can reduce lung cancer mortality. Tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAABs) can be a valuable tool for lung cancer detection. The purpose of this study is to assess the potential of a panel containing seven TAABs in detection of lung cancer in a population of health examination. Methods: The serum concentrations of the selective antibodies were quantitated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and a total of 15,430 subjects was enrolled. The performances of the 7-TAAB panel and LDCT were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of each method were compared. Results: During the 12-month follow-up, 26 subjects were diagnosed with lung cancer. The 7-TAAB panel showed a sensitivity/specificity of 61.5%/88.5%, and its area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.8062, larger than any single TAAB. The sensitivity among stage I patients was 50%. There was no bias for people of different genders and/or at different ages in detection. The panel was with a sensitivity around 60% for lung cancer irrelevant to histological subtype and lesion size. There was a higher diagnosis rate for ground-glass nodules compared with solid ones (83.3% vs. 36.4%, P = 0.0211). The ROC analyses revealed that the detective efficacy of the combined model, consisting of LDCT and the 7-TAAB assay, was significantly better than that of LDCT alone. Conclusion: Our study proved that the 7-TAAB panel, significantly improving the detective efficacy of LDCT, can be an effective tool in detection of lung cancer in this real-world cohort.