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This study investigated the effects of polypropylene fibre (PF) reinforcement on the mechanical behaviour of clay soil. Using clay soil and polypropylene fibres from China’s Inner Mongolia and Hebei Provinces, respectively, a series of soil samples with 0%, 1.5%, 2.25%, and 3% PF content by soil weight were subjected to compaction, shear strength, consolidation, California bearing ratio, and microstructure analyses. The study results indicate improved compaction, shear strength, consolidation, and the bearing ratio of the PF-stabilised clay soil. As the PF content increased, its maximum dry density increased and its optimum moisture content decreased; its angle of internal friction increased and its cohesion coefficient decreased; and its void ratio, consolidation coefficient, and hydraulic conductivity all decreased. Comparing the unstabilised (0% PF) and stabilised (3% PF) clay soil, the void ratio, consolidation coefficient, and hydraulic conductivity decreased from 0.96 to 0.93, from 2.52 to 2.34 cm2/s, and from 1.12 to 1.02 cm/s, respectively. The optimum PF content was determined to be 3% by the weight of the soil, as this quantity resulted in the best improvement in soil properties.

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Cross-technology Communication (CTC) is a novel technique enabling data transmission among devices equipped with different physical layers in a heterogeneous wireless network. Particularly, by enabling cross-technology communication between ZigBee and WiFi, the energy-saving problem and media access control under cross-technology interference would be resolved easily. However, the current CTC designs are either too slow or destructive to ongoing ZigBee transmissions. In this paper, we propose a new Cross-technology Communication framework based on ZigBee chip-level side channel. The proposed design enables the high-throughput ZigBee-to-WiFi cross-technology communication while maintaining transparency to the existing ZigBee network. Specifically, we modify some ZigBee chips within one ZigBee symbol to create a side channel at the CTC sender (ZigBee) for carrying CTC bits while the CTC receiver (WiFi) can detect those modifications and demodulate the CTC bits at WiFi preamble detection. Both theoretical analysis and experiments show that our design would be transparent to ZigBee and throughput can reach 31.25 Kbps—1000× the state-of-the-art CTC design.