Hibernoma is a rare benign tumor that arises from the vestiges of fetal brown fat. We present a case of interscapular hibernoma. Computed tomography scan showed a well-circumscribed, hypodense mass with peripheral enhancement, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed intermediate high T1 and T2 signal intensities with incomplete fat suppression. Although it is rare, hibernoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of lipomatous soft-tissue tumors. This is a benign tumor with no malignant potential. Complete excision is the treatment choice.

Background and objectivesAmong individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD), APOE e4 carriers with increased white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) may selectively be at increased risk of cognitive impairment. Given that the cholinergic system plays a crucial role in cognitive impairment, this study aimed to identify how APOE status modulates the associations between dementia severity and white matter hyperintensities in cholinergic pathways.MethodsFrom 2018 to 2022, we recruited participants (APOE e4 carriers, n = 49; non-carriers, n = 117) from the memory clinic of Cardinal Tien Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Participants underwent brain MRI, neuropsychological testing, and APOE genotyping. In this study, we applied the visual rating scale of the Cholinergic Pathways Hyperintensities Scale (CHIPS) to evaluate WMHs in cholinergic pathways compared with the Fazekas scale. Multiple regression was used to assess the influence of CHIPS score and APOE carrier status on dementia severity based on Clinical Dementia Rating—Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB).ResultsAfter adjusting for age, education and sex, higher CHIPS scores tended to be associated with higher CDR-SB in APOE e4 carriers but not in the non-carrier group.ConclusionsCarriers and non-carriers present distinct associations between dementia severity and WMHs in cholinergic pathways. In APOE e4 carriers, increased white matter in cholinergic pathways are associated with greater dementia severity. In non-carriers, WMHs exhibit less predictive roles for clinical dementia severity. WMHs on the cholinergic pathway may have a different impact on APOE e4 carriers vs. non-carriers.

This was a prospective comparison of the accuracy and image quality of carbon dioxide digital subtraction angiography (CO2 DSA) and iodinated contrast digital subtraction angiography (ICDSA) in evaluating lower extremity arteries and patient tolerance of the procedures. Selective DSA was performed in 14 Taiwanese patients who were diagnosed with peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAOD). Both contrast materials were administered through mechanical injectors. Post-processing of the image used pixel shifting. Images of vessels were divided into 22 anatomic segments and evaluated by two experienced radiologists. A four-point scale was used to classify diseased vessels. Two interpreters rated the CO2 DSA image against the ICDSA image on a three-point scale. Patient tolerance was assessed from verbal descriptions. Cohen's kappa was used to determine interobserver agreement and descriptive statistics were used to summarize patient experience. Interobserver agreement ranged from fair to excellent, with most being good or excellent. Three patients (21.4%) could not tolerate the whole procedure and nine patients (64.3%) reported discomfort during the CO2 DSA procedure. CO2 DSA image quality was better for the thigh than the distal runoff and pelvic regions. Our results showed that selective CO2 DSA cannot replace ICDSA as a routine diagnostic tool for PAOD because it does not give images of comparative quality.

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Background. In the study of wearable device users, it was found that the intentional motives for using wearable devices were a novelty, fun, and popular trends, but whether the needs and functions of device users will change due to the change the time is the focus of this study. Objectives. This study aims to examine the path relationships among motivation of use, exercise commitment, and exercise engagement of users of wearable fitness devices. Methods. The subjects of the study were users of wearable fitness devices. The questionnaires were distributed online through purposive sampling. A total of 479 questionnaires were distributed, and 347 valid questionnaires were collected after excluding invalid questionnaires with an effective response rate of 72.4%. The response data were validated by descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, and a structural equation model. Results. The results of the study reveal that users of wearable fitness devices are mainly motivated by "informativeness" and "practicality and instrumentation"; motivation of use does not directly affect exercise engagement (t = 0.895, P < 0.056). Exercise commitment is mediating between the motivation of use and exercise engagement; motivation of use positively affects exercise commitment, and exercise commitment positively affects exercise engagement (t = 3.856, P < 0.001). Conclusion.Wearable device users believe that the wearable devices can record their own exercise-related information, enhance exercise efficiency, and provide an easy-to-understand interface with a sense of entertainment and novelty technology, which support the device users to engage in physical activities. Commitment to exercise will influence the individual's continued engagement in exercise.