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In this paper, a novel adsorbent of magnetic mesoporous carbon microspheres (MCS) are prepared by template methods and using nano-Fe 3 O 4 particles as magnetic cores, and the adsorption capacity and mechanism are studied in detail. The results show that MCS exhibits high performance for removing malachite green (MG), the highest adsorption capacity can reach about 468.5 mg g À 1 . Furthermore, the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model and the quasi-second-order kinetic model can explain the experimental phenomena very well. And the high adsorption capacity of MCS is mainly attributed to its unique mesoporous structure by increasing the specific surface area and providing sufficient active sites. In addition, after magnetic separation and recovery, MCS can be regenerated with ethanol. And MCS maintains a high adsorption rate of 84.5 % after 5 cycles of MG adsorption and desorption. This composite material with high adsorption efficiency and rapid magnetic separation is a promising recyclable adsorbent for the actual wastewater treatment and purification process.

An appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer can improve the germination rate of bamboo buds and increase the bamboo shoot output. However, the underlying biological mechanisms of phosphate fertilizer in bamboo shoot development have not been systematically reported. Herein, the effects of low (LP, 1 μM), normal (NP, 50 μM) and high (HP, 1000 μM) phosphorus on the growth and development of Phyllostachys edulis tiller buds were first investigated. Phenotypically, the seedling biomass, average number of tiller buds, and bud height growth rate under the LP and HP treatments were significantly lower than those under the NP treatment. Next, the microstructure difference of tiller buds in the late development stage (S4) at three P levels was analyzed. The number of internode cells and vascular bundles were significantly lower in the LP treatments than in the NP treatments. The relative expression levels of 8 phosphorus transport genes, 8 hormone-related genes and 4 bud development genes at the tiller bud developmental stage (S2 ~ S4) and the tiller bud re-tillering stage were analyzed with RT–qPCR. The results showed that the expression trends for most phosphorus transport genes, hormone-related genes and bud development genes from S2 ~ S4 were diversified at different phosphorus levels, and the expression levels were also different at different phosphorus levels. In the tiller bud re-tillering stage, the expression levels of 7 phosphorus transport genes and 6 hormone-related genes showed a downward trend with increasing P level. REV expression level decreased under LP and HP conditions. TB1 expression level increased under HP condition. Therefore, we conclude that P deficiency inhibits tiller bud development and re-tillering, and that P depends on the expression of REV and TB1 genes and IAA, CTK, and SL synthesis and transporter genes to mediate tiller bud development and re-tillering.

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