We demonstrate here that the current-driven domain wall (DW) in two dimensions forms a "facet" roughness, distinctive to the conventional self-affine roughness induced by a magnetic field. Despite the different universality classes of these roughnesses, both the current- and field-driven DW speed follow the same creep law only with opposite angular dependences. Such angular dependences result in a stable facet angle, from which a single DW image can unambiguously quantify the spin-transfer torque efficiency, an essential parameter in DW-mediated nanodevices.

We report an experimental observation that indicates that a direct relation exists between the speed of the magnetic domain-wall (DW) motion and the magnitude of the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) in Pt/Co/Pt films. It is found that by changing the thicknesses of the nonmagnetic Pt layers, the PMA magnitude can be varied significantly and the field-driven DW speed can also be modified by a factor of up to 50 under the same magnetic field. Interestingly, the DW speed exhibits a clear scaling behavior with respect to the PMA magnitude. A theory based on the DW creep criticality successfully explains the observed scaling exponent between the DW speed and the PMA magnitude. The presented results offer a method of maximizing the DW speed in DW-mediated nanodevices without altering the thickness of the magnetic Co layer.

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We report here an experimental technique to generate spinwaves using femtosecond laser pulses. The femtosecond laser pulses induce ultrafast demagnetization, which causes the propagation of the spinwaves from the laser spot. The observed spinwaves exhibit an anisotropic behavior by showing both the forward and backward modes depending on the propagation direction with respect to the in-plane magnetization direction, as confirmed by micromagnetic simulations. The forward mode is found to propagate over a few micrometers with small dissipation, providing a possible spinwave source.

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