Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma is a rare, aggressive neoplasm of the jaw with only 74 reported cases. It occurs predominantly in the mandibular anterior region during fifth to seventh decades of life. Clinically it manifests as intra-bony swelling with a variable degree of pain. Microscopically, it reveals nests of cells with clear cytoplasm in connective tissue stroma arranged in different patterns. It is often misdiagnosed due to the rarity of lesion and confusing histopathology. Immunohistochemical staining plays an intricate role to uncertain the native of the clear cell to reach a confirmative diagnosis. The article aims to highlight the clinicopathologic features of clear cell odontogenic carcinoma in a middle-aged man with special emphasis on its differential diagnosis.

Calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) is a term used broadly to define lesions which were either cystic/solid in nature. However, a new term defining dentinogenic ghost cell tumor (DGCT), as its neoplastic counterpart, histopathologically showed the presence of dentinoid-like areas, ghost cells and ameloblastomatous-like odontogenic epithelium. This possesses a great challenge to an oral pathologist in diagnosing and differentiating it from solid multicystic ameloblastoma or COCs so as to ensure the biological behavior and pathogenesis behind its multifaceted nature. The author presents an exceptional case of DGCT, with special emphasis on its pathogenesis, occurring in an 80-year-old female with facial asymmetry and unique histopathology.

The aim of the study was to review in detail, the skeletal, dental and soft-tissue effects of Rapid Maxillary Expansion in young group of patients using Computed Tomographic Scan. The review is conducted through an electronic and manual searches which includes PubMed, Ovid, Cochrane, and Web of Science using the keywords. Searches includes the original studies which were conducted from the January 2000 to May 2020 amongst patients from 6 to 18 years using Hyrax, Haas-type and butterflytype expanders. Based on the inclusion criteria, 23 relevant articles containing 298 patients were selected to evaluate changes related to skeletal, dental, soft-tissues and airway by assessing Computed Tomography scan. Significant effects have been observed at the mid-palatal suture due to the separation of two hemi-maxillae that led to an increase in the palatal volume, maxillary arch perimeter and correction of posterior crossbite. Changes were also recorded at the circum-maxillary sutures with maximum effects noted in internasal and nasomaxillary sutures. Other observations includes dental changes like buccal tipping of the maxillary posterior anchored teeth, increase in nasal and upper airway dimensions. Few side-effects of Rapid Maxillary Expansion includes recession of alveolar bone and dehiscence in cases of excessive dental tipping, dorsal hump on the nose with flattening of the nasal tip. Interpreting the outcomes with Computed Tomography scan strengthen the orthodontist's precision in determining the 3-dimension effects with greater specificity. However, more number of Computed Tomography studies on soft-tissue changes and airway effects are required to understand comprehensive mechanics of the procedure.

Introduction: Lichen planus (LP) is a relatively common chronic, mucocutaneous disease of autoimmune origin, involves oral mucosa, skin, scalp, nails, and genital mucosa. The prevalence of oral LP (OLP) varies worldwide, commonly seen in middle-aged and elderly people. It usually presents as symmetrical and bilateral or multiple lesions with burning sensation (BS) sometimes accompanied by pain. Corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors have shown promising results in the treatment of OLP, but its chronic course and unpredictable exacerbations/remission continues to result in a high degree of morbidity. The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (injection TA) combined with topical application of TA orabase and Tacrolimus (TAC) ointment for symptomatic cases of OLP. Materials and Methods: The prospective study included 52 symptomatic OLP patients to receive (0.5 ml) intralesional injection of TA once a week for the first 4 weeks followed by one injection in the 6th week along with TA mucosal paste (0.1%.) and TAC ointment (0.03%) in tapering dose till 8th week. The subjective symptoms including BS and pain were assessed on a 10 cm visual analog scale (VAS) and objective signs like size and site of the lesion were scored according to criterion scale modified by Thongprasom et al. Differences were compared after 8 weeks treatment course and follow-up observations were performed at 20th week to record any recurrent lesion. Results: 41 patients (78.8%) had complete remission of disease and 11 (21%) had shown partial improvement. The VAS scores for BS and pain improved significantly. Improvement was also noted with decrease in the average size of active lesions and the number of sites with treatment. The relapse was seen in 17 patients (41%) in the 20th week. Conclusion: TA combined with TAC is a valuable therapeutic option for the treatment of symptomatic OLP. Our findings suggest that patients have shown statistically significant improvement.