The study aimed to observe the effects of the new technique in the treatment of localized fat associated with cellulite in order to assess adipose tissue alterations, cellular apoptosis, and levels of serum lipid or liver markers. The findings show that the action of Ice-Shock Lipolysis is a safe, effective, and well-tolerated noninvasive procedure for body contouring. In particular, the authors believe that this could be an ideal alternative to liposuction for patients who require only small or moderate amounts of adipose tissue and cellulite removal or are not suitable candidates for surgical approaches to body contouring.

The use of adipose tissue transfer in plastic and reconstructive surgery is not new and has been studied extensively. Due to different results with regard to adipose cell damage and the level of survival of the transferred tissue in clinical practice, the authors aimed to investigate the effects of centrifugation on fat aspirates to optimize the centrifugal force for fat transplantation and to obtain an increased number of intact adipose progenitor cells. The following different centrifugation forces were evaluated in vitro in terms of fat decantation: 3,000 rpm (1,500×g), 1,300 rpm (250×g), and 500 rpm (50×g). Moreover, the density level, morphology of fat cells, cell viability, and progenitor cell number also were evaluated. Centrifugation leads to a good fat tissue density, with a significant number of progenitor cells, and efficiently removes the liquid portion. High centrifugal forces (at 3,000 rpm) caused significant damage to fat cells with low cell viability, whereas very low centrifugal forces (at 500 rpm) showed little effect on adipose tissue density, resembling fat decantation. Fat aspirates, withdrawn from 30 healthy donors in vivo, were centrifuged at different rotations per minute (rpm), as follows. For the 10 patients in group A, Coleman's technique was used with a centrifugation of the aspirated fat at 3,000 rpm (1,500×g) for 3 min. For the 10 patients in group B, the authors' technique was used, with centrifugation of the aspirated fat at 1,300 rpm (250×g) for 5 min. For the 10 patients in group C, simple decantation of fat was used. In conclusion, a centrifugal force of 1,300 rpm resulted in better density of adipose tissue, with good cell viability and increased ability to preserve a significant number of progenitor cells.

Keloids and hypertrophic scars are abnormal responses to wound healing. In general, keloids exhibit a proliferative growth beyond the margins of the scar and remain persistent; while hypertrophic scars are contained to the original wound and may regress over time. In particular, keloid formation is one of the most challenging clinical problems, with increasing frequency in surgical practice. Many treatments are available such as intralesional corticosteroids, topical applications, cryotherapy, surgical excision, radiation therapy, silicone gel sheeting, pressure therapy, and laser therapy. There are no set guidelines for the treatment of keloids and the most common treatments are individualized and depended on the distribution, size, thickness, and consistency of lesions. The authors have evaluated carbon dioxide laser successfully in the treatment of keloids and the aim of this study was to determine the immediate and long-term histologic and clinical effects of keloids after carbon dioxide laser. Fifty consecutive patients (40 females, 10 males, ages 18-60 years, mean age 40 years) with moderate to severe keloids were evaluated. All the patients received regional treatments (deltoid, elbow, chin, and ear) in an outpatient setting with a high-energy pulsed CO2 laser. Significant immediate and prolonged clinical improvement in skin tone, texture, and appearance of carbon dioxide laser was examined in all patients. Dermal remodeling was observed also on histologic examination of biopsied tissue after treatment. Carbon dioxide laser appears to be effective and well tolerated for the treatment of keloids, avoiding the adverse effects and lengthy recovery time.

The findings of this study showed a multidisciplinary approach to prepubertal gynecomastia due to the synergy of pediatricians, radiologists, and plastic surgeons. The follow-up evaluation after the anastrozole treatment showed it to be an efficacious medical treatment, as an alternative to orchidectomy, to control the effects of circulating estrogens. Moreover, the results observed in the patients confirmed the validity and feasibility of the "modified" Webster technique in terms of aesthetic and functional results, patient satisfaction, and absence of complications.