The majority of patients perceived mild post-surgical pain, but the pain level varied among different surgical procedures. Periodontal plastic surgery, complex surgery, surgical extension and anaesthetic volume were associated with more pain.

Aim Assessing the application of three‐dimensional clinical attachment loss (3D‐CAL), 3D supporting bone loss (3D‐SBL), supracrestal tissue attachment (STA), and crown‐to‐root ratio (CRR) in evaluating the 2017 periodontitis classification. Materials and methods We analysed ninety single‐rooted human premolars with micro‐computed tomography. The amount of 3D‐SBL, linear radiographic bone loss (RBL), and CRR corresponding to various periodontitis stages as well as the statistical significance was investigated. Results From a 3D perspective, the premolars with a 21% of 3D‐SBL at 2.0 mm coronal root length (RL) and 15% RBL corresponded to the periodontitis stage I. Premolars with a 44% of 3D‐SBL at coronal 4.2‒4.4 mm RL and 33% RBL accorded with the periodontitis stage II. Excluding the consideration of STA, CRR = 5:6 and 4:3 were associated with the levels at 15% and 33% RBL, respectively. Conclusions A greater percentage of 3D‐CAL than that of 2D‐CAL is significant at evaluated levels. It is feasible to correlate the 3D‐SBL, 3D‐CAL, and STA parameters to evaluate the stages of periodontitis severity. However, the current use of RBL and CAL as applied for staging in the 2017 classification might be inconsistent with the evaluated premolar roots length, when STA dimensions are considered.

The literature identified variations in socket seal surgery, each with limitations. This case series aimed to observe the outcome of using autologous dental root (ADR) for socket sealing on socket preservation (SP). A total of 9 patients with 15 extraction sockets were documented. After flapless extraction, the xenograft or alloplastic grafts were placed in the sockets. ADRs were prepared extraorally and applied to seal the socket entrance. All SP sites healed uneventfully. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan was performed after 4–6 months of healing to evaluate ridge dimensions. The preserved alveolar ridge profiles were verified on CBCT scans and during implant surgery. Implants were placed successfully with a reduced need for guided bone regeneration. Histological biopsy specimens were examined in three cases. The histological examination demonstrated vital bone formation and osseointegration of graft particles. All patients completed the final restorations and were monitored for 15.56 ± 9.08 months after functional loading. The favorable clinical outcomes support the use of ADR for SP procedures. It was not only accepted to patients but also easy to perform with low complication rates. The ADR technique is thus a feasible method for socket seal surgery.

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