Background and Aim: Using antimicrobials as a feed additive in swine production is prohibited because it is a major cause of the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Probiotics such as Lactobacillus spp. are an attractive alternative to reduce antimicrobial resistance and promote swine growth. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro probiotic properties of Lactobacillus isolated from indigenous swine manure. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 fecal samples from healthy individual indigenous pigs were collected and isolated on de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe agar. The preliminary screen identified candidates with antibacterial activity against six pathogens and >50% survival and tolerance to acid (pH 3.0) and 1% bile salt. Isolates that passed the initial screen will be tested for other probiotic properties. Results: Of the 314 isolates from 30 pig manure samples, 17 isolates satisfied all initial conditions for probiotic properties. Each isolate has unique, distinctive properties. Isolates B4, B5, B8, B17, B87, and B144 formed thick biofilms, whereas isolates B5, B8, and 27 adhered well to the intestinal wall and exhibited strong autoaggregation properties. Isolate B4 aggregated with Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli and Enteropathogenic E. coli. Tests in pH-adjusted cell-free medium indicated that the antibacterial activity resulted from bacterial acidification rather than bacteriocin formation. Sequence analysis (16S rRNA) revealed 16 of the isolates were Lactobacillus plantarum, and only one isolate was Lactobacillus salivarius. Conclusion: We isolated 17 Lactobacillus from swine manure and demonstrated that their probiotic properties might be useful as a probiotic cocktail for swine feed.

The slender walking catfish (Clarias nieuhofii Valenciennes, 1840) is a freshwater fish found in the ecosystems within the peat swamp forests of South-East Asian countries, including Thailand. In this study, a new testis fibroblast-like (FLT) and ovary epithelial-like (ELO) cells derived from C. nieuhofii (Valenciennes, 1840) was established. The optimal number of both cells was determined, and the optimal starting concentration of both cells is approximately 105 cellsžml-1. The FLT and ELO can grow best at 28 °C in DMEM supplemented with 20, 15, and 10 % fetal bovine serum (FBS). Chromosome analysis revealed that the typical diploid chromosome number was 66 (2n) in C. nieuhofii (Valenciennes, 1840). In both males and females, the elementary number of chromosomes (NF; the number of chromosome arms) was 98. No heteromorphic chromosome was observed. Four types of chromosomes were found in this species, including 14 metacentric, 20 submetacentric, 2 acrocentric, and 30 telocentric chromosomes. The FLT and ELO cells were maintained up to 6 months with more than 20 passages successfully cryopreserved and thawed. HIGHLIGHTS Two new fibroblast-like cell from testis and epithelium-like cell from ovary, derived from slender walking catfish Clarias nieuhofii (Valenciennes, 1840) have been successfully established by explant outgrowth technique Indicated the optimal cell density, fetal bovine serum and types of culture media for growing of both cells Chromosome analysis revealed that the typical diploid chromosome number is 66 (2n) in Clarias nieuhofii (Valenciennes, 1840) GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT