No abstract

No abstract

A survey of biting midges in animal sheds, mangroves and beaches along the Andaman coastal region in southern Thailand between April 2012 and May 2013 collected 10 species of Culicoides which were not previously known from Thailand. These new records are C. arenicola, C. flavipunctatus, C. hui, C. kinari, C. kusaiensis, C. parabubalus, C. quatei, C. spiculae, C. pseudocordiger and C. tamada. An updated checklist of species of Culicoides reported from Thailand is provided.

Behavioral responses of two wild-caught populations of Anopheles minimus complex, species A and C, exposed to operational field doses of three commonly used agricultural insecticides, carbaryl (carbamate), malathion (organophosphate) and cypermethrin (pyrethroid), were characterized using an excito-repellency test system. Test populations were collected from different localities in Kanchanaburi Province, western Thailand. Both populations showed strong irritancy by quickly escaping test chambers after direct contact with individual surfaces treated with each insecticide compared with match-paired untreated controls. Noncontact repellency response to cypermethrin and carbaryl was significantly pronounced in both A and C populations, but comparatively weak when exposed to malathion. Noncontact repellency produced much weaker escape response in both populations, but in some species-chemical combinations, it remained significant compared with controls. We conclude that contact irritancy is a major behavioral response of both A and C when exposed directly to any of the three compounds, whereas only cypermethrin produced a significant repellency response in species A.

The objective of the study was to develop a model with and without the mediator comparing direct and indirect Impacts using Bootstrap (Two tailed significance results to be used), options for manufacturing, services sectors and overall and finding out the significance of the relationship. Study tried to find out the Impact of eLearning Perception and eLearning Advantages on eLearning for Stress Management with eLearning for Corporate Training as a mediator. This is a cross sectional study conducted in Pakistan. Detailed questionnaire was used to collect the data. Total sample size of 686 includes 331 from manufacturing sector and 355 from services sector. Study revealed that overall eLearning for corporate training partially mediates relationship between eLearning Perception and elearning for stress management. However, in subgroup of manufacturing sector full mediation is observed. eLearning for corporate training partially mediates relationship between eLearning Advantages and Stress management training. Similar partial mediation is observed for subgroups of manufacturing and services sector. However in subgroup of manufacturing sector no mediation was observed.