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Undoped and indium‐doped ZnO thin films are deposited by the spray pyrolysis process onto glass substrates. The effects of starting solution composition and indium doping on the structural, electrical, and optical properties are investigated. The surface morphology of the deposited films is a strong function of the source compounds. Thus two distinct morphologies with large difference in the average grain size are obtained by using separately zinc chloride and zinc acetate. The polycrystalline nature with no second phases is observed by X‐ray diffraction. Indium doping leads to a very low resistivity of about 10−3 Ω cm. High transparency of the films, more than 85% in the visible range, is observed.

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The objective of the current paper is to evaluate the performances drop of a photovoltaic system composed of a new PV module conception without EVA encapsulation. After three years of operation under harsh atmospheric condition at Green Energy Park research facility, in the mid-south of Morocco, the system shows an energy drop around 1.8kWhe in one of its strings. For this reason, an inspection (in-situ and at the lab level) to evaluate and detect the source of this energy drop has been done using the IV-Curve, IR thermal and Electroluminescence. Results show that the Performance Ratio (PR) of the affected string reaches 13%. Besides, two modules from this last one showed a degradation rate (Rd) greater than 4.12 %. It has been found that the main cause of this energy drop is due to the presence of breakages and crack at the modules cells. Those deceases are caused by a bad manual cleaning, as well as, for the nature of the modules, without EVA protection against the mechanical shocks.