SciELO Books / SciELO Livros / SciELO Libros BENCZE, L., EL HALWANY, S., KRSTOVIC, M., MILANOVIC, M., PHILLIPS, C., and ZOUDA, M. Estudantes agindo para abordar danos pessoais, sociais e ambientais relacionados à ciência e à tecnologia. In: CONRADO, D.M., and NUNES-NETO, N. Questões sociocientíficas: fundamentos, propostas de ensino e perspectivas para ações sociopolíticas [online]. Salvador: EDUFBA, 2018, pp. 515-559. ISBN 978-85-232-2017-4. https://doi.org/10.7476/9788523220174.0025. All the contents of this work, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Todo o conteúdo deste trabalho, exceto quando houver ressalva, é publicado sob a licença Creative Commons Atribição 4.0. Todo el contenido de esta obra, excepto donde se indique lo contrario, está bajo licencia de la licencia Creative Commons Reconocimento 4.0. Parte III -Perspectivas e experiências Estudantes agindo para abordar danos pessoais, sociais e ambientais relacionados à ciência e à tecnologia Introdução: problemas e ações sobre CTSA Muitas pessoas concordam que os campos da ciência e da tecnologia têm tido numerosos efeitos positivos no Bem-Estar dos Indivíduos, Sociedades e Ambientes (WISE) 2 . | Larry Bencze /Em alguns contextos, os seres humanos desfrutam de longos períodos de vida, por exemplo, em grande parte por causa de avanços em ciências da vida, medicina e agricultura. Há aqueles que afirmam o contrário, no entanto. Muitos apontam, por exemplo, a mudança do clima como o nosso problema mais premente. (KLEIN, 2014) De acordo com o Painel Intergovernamental para as Mudanças Climáticas, 3 a Terra está a caminho de uma perda catastrófica da vida e de colapsos físicos, a menos que mudanças drásticas nas políticas públicas e práticas de instituições privadas sejam feitas nos próximos poucos anos. Há muitos outros problemas potenciais, no entanto -incluindo preocupações com a saúde e de justiça social em matéria de: comida rápida (fast food; por exemplo, frango frito) e outros alimentos processados (por exemplo, os biscoitos com gorduras trans), medicamentos (por exemplo, as drogas com efeitos colaterais negativos), diversas biotecnologias (por exemplo, sementes com um gene que as tornam estéreis), produtos químicos tóxicos para tarefas do dia a dia (por exemplo, o bisfenol A em garrafas de plástico) e pesquisa e práticas agrícolas (por exemplo, agrotóxicos).

Representation of diverse populations in health research enhances our ability to understand the factors that impact health, generalize results, implement findings, and promote social justice. The primary objective of the study was to understand the unique perspectives of frontline community health workers (CHWs) to identify actionable barriers and facilitators that may impact representation of diverse groups in health research. Focus groups with CHWs were conducted followed by thematic analysis. Results revealed five main themes: barriers/risks to research participation, facilitation of research, CHW roles, recommendations, and transparency. A novel finding was that some CHWs see themselves as both facilitators and gatekeepers. As facilitators, CHWs ensure their patient populations receive resources and benefit from being involved in research; as gatekeepers CHWs feel that they protect patient populations from experiencing further trauma, especially when engaging in research. Recognizing that in many communities there is a high reliance and trust with CHWs, can promote genuine and informed participation at all stages of research.

Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and short-term impact of a brief opioid overdose prevention and mitigation training administered to detained youth at risk for witnessing an overdose. Methods Adolescents seen in the medical clinic in a youth detention center were screened to determine risk for witnessing an overdose. Eligible adolescents completed a pretraining assessment that included opioid witnessing experiences and knowledge of and attitudes toward opioid overdose prevention. Participants completed a one-on-one overdose first aid training, received a naloxone (Narcan) kit at release, and completed a posttraining assessment of knowledge and attitudes. At 1 month and 3 months postrelease, participants completed telephone interviews to report satisfaction and application of training concepts. Results A total of 39 adolescent residents participated in this pilot study. Rates of recruitment and retention, as well as high rates of witnessing opioid use and overdose, indicate that opioid overdose prevention interventions are warranted with this population. There were significant changes in knowledge, confidence, and readiness to intervene in an opioid overdose from pre- to posttraining. At follow-up, the majority of participants still possessed their naloxone, and all reported sharing information from the training with others and having a plan if they witnessed an overdose. One participant reported completion of an overdose reversal. Implications Opioid overdose prevention training with detained youth is feasible and shows promising impacts on knowledge and application, meriting the need for future research.

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This chapter identifies religion as a key problematic in early examples of the Arabic novel in Egypt before embarking on an in-depth discussion of the religious/secular opposition in seminal words by Haykal, Taha Husayn and Tawfiq al-Hakim. It examines how texts like Zaynab (1914), Al-Ayyam (vols 1 and 2; 1929, 1933), ‘Awdat al-Ruh (1933) and ‘Usfur min al-Sharq (1938) promote national and secular values on the level of story and character yet undermine these same values through self-contradiction and slippage, and how religious patterns remain deeply embedded in characters’ thought and behaviour even as formal religion is subjected to harsh critique on the surface of the plot and theocentrism is displaced as ideology.