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A series of new 5‐mono‐ and 5,5′‐bisamino‐substituted azothiazole derivatives was synthesized from the readily available diethyl azothiazole‐4,4′‐dicarboxylate. This reaction most likely comprises an initial Michael‐type addition by the respective primary alkyl and aromatic amines at the carbon atom C5 of the substrate. Subsequently, the resulting intermediates are readily oxidized by molecular oxygen to afford the amino‐substituted azothiazole derivatives. The latter exhibit remarkably red‐shifted absorption bands (λabs=507–661 nm) with high molar extinction coefficients and show a strong positive solvatochromism. As revealed by spectrometric titrations and circular and linear dichroism studies, the water‐soluble, bis‐(dimethylaminopropylamino)‐substituted azo dye associates with duplex DNA by formation of aggregates along the phosphate backbone at high ligand–DNA ratios (LDR) and by intercalation at low LDR, which also leads to a significant increase of the otherwise low emission intensity at 671 nm.

Stroke is the most common cause of morbidity and death in the Western world, following ischemic heart disease and cancer. Stroke can be of two types, ischemic or hemorrhagic, with ischemic stroke accounting for approximately 85% of the total number of strokes. Well-recognized environmental risk factors for stroke include hypertension, smoking, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, and atherosclerosis. Computed tomography (CT) scanning is used to diagnose hemorrhagic stroke but is relatively ineffective and may remain normal in patients with mild ischemic strokes. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is more sensitive in detecting ischemia than CT, especially in the diagnosis of mild stroke but it is still not 100% sensitive or precise. A simple and low-cost, rapid blood test to confirm a clinical and imaging diagnosis of ischemic stroke would be extremely useful. Based on this, the central idea of this paper is to develop a method that would be applicable to a statistically viable sample set to provide candidate biomarkers for distinguishing stroke types. In search of these candidate biomarkers, different analytical separation techniques have been used to screen for major differences in the proteomes of patients plasma samples with proteomics for identification.

Intermediate states of degradation of phosphorus pentoxide in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), also known as Onodera reagent, are studied. We found that DMSO is not dissolving PO, but rather reacting with it. A rather complex mixture of phosphate species is formed, many with ester functions. Several not yet described phosphate species could be identified by NMR and MS. Finally, we present a possible decomposition scheme of PO in DMSO.

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