Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a rare nonacinar variant of prostatic carcinoma. In spite of prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma being one of the most common carcinomas in prostate, <100 prostatic BCC cases have been reported to date. Adenoid cystic/cribriform histology has been described in varying proportions to occur in prostatic BCC and is reported to be associated with aggressive behavior and high risk of metastasis. Herein, we present a case of prostatic BCC with adenoid cystic morphology, comprehensively describe its immunohistochemical and MYB/MYBL1 gene rearrangement findings, discuss its differential diagnosis, and review the literature of this rare entity.

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Immunohistochemical analysis has been a key clinical tool that shows the protein expression of molecular markers. Expression of molecular markers in breast pathology has been used to distinguish breast cancers from benign lesions, classify subtypes of breast cancers, and determine therapeutic intervention. It is a relatively fast and efficient option in stratifying breast lesions to assist in both determining pathology diagnosis and offer strategies to the best course of clinical action. In this chapter, we discuss the use of immunohistochemistry testing for some of the key molecular markers involved in breast pathology that are crucial for classifying breast cancers and the guidelines for the interpretation of testing results that assist in clinical management.

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