The CaOZnO nanoparticle catalysts with Ca to Zn atomic ratios of 0.08 and 0.25 have been successfully synthesized by co-precipitation method. The catalyst was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis provided with Rietica and Maud software, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and its properties was compared with bare CaO and ZnO catalysts. The phase composition estimated by Rietica software revealed that the CaO catalyst consists of CaO and CaCO3 phases. The estimation of the particle size by Maud software, showed that the particle size of all catalysts increased by the following order: ZnO

ABSTRAKRadiasi sinar ultraviolet matahari dapat menyebabkan berbagai permasalahan pada kulit. Untuk mengatasinya perlu adanya perawatan menggunakan kosmetik, salah satunya yaitu krim pemutih wajah (Whitening Cream). Merkuri merupakan salah satu bahan aktif yang sering direkomendasikan karena ion merkuri dianggap dapat menghambat sintesis melamin pigmen kulit di sel melanosit. Menurut Peraturan Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Republik Indonesia nomor HK.03.01.23.07.11.6662 tahun 2011 persyaratan logam berat jenis merkuri (Hg) adalah tidak lebih dari 1 mg/kg atau 1 mg/L (1ppm).Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar merkuri pada produk kosmetik krim pemutih yang tidak memiliki nomor registrasi BPOM dan yang memiliki nomor registrasi BPOM yang beredar di pasaran. Serta untuk mengetahui bahwa sediaan kosmetik krim pemutih wajah yang beredar di pasaran telah memenuhi syarat yang ditetapkan BPOM. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 18 sampel dengan kriteria 9 krim pemutih yang tidak memiliki nomor registrasi BPOM dan 9 krim pemutih yang memiliki nomor registrasi BPOM. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisa kualitatif menggunakan metode pereaksi warna dengan Kalium Iodida dan analisa kuantitatif dengan metode spektrofotometri serapan atom. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 2 dari 18 sampel mengandung merkuri. Berdasarkan uji kuantitatif menunjukkan kadar merkuri pada produk krim pemutih yangmemiliki nomor registrasi BPOM dengan varian A1 sebesar 224,04 ± 0,35 mg/kg, dan untuk varian A2 adalah 188,20 ± 0,28 mg/kg. Sehingga tidak semua kosmetik krim pemutih wajah yang beredar dipasaran memenuhi syarat yang ditetapkan oleh BPOM.Kata Kunci: BPOM, Krim Pemutih, MerkuriABSTRACTRadiation of sun's ultraviolet can cause skin problems. To overcome this problem should has cosmetic treatments using one of these is whitening cream. Mercury is the one of active ingredient who has often add inthe whitening cream because mercury’s ion considered to inhibit the synthesis melanin pigment of the skin in the melanocyte cells. According to the Regulation Agency of Drug and Food of the Republic Indonesia with No. HK. 03.01.23.07.11.6662. 2011, requirements metal usage types of mercury (Hg) is not more than 1 mg/kg or 1 mg/L (1 ppm). The purpose of this study was to determine differences mercury levels in whitening creams cosmetic which products didn’t have a registration number and products which have a registration number BPOM among in the market. And to know that all whitening cream cosmetic among the market has fullfield requirements established by BPOM. Sample use in this study was 18 samples which 9 sample didn’t have a registration number from BPOM and 9 among them have a registration number from BPOM. Analysis method used in this study is qualitative analysis using reaction color with Potassium Iodide and quantitative analysis using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results showed that 2 of the 18 samples contained mercury more than what it should. Based of the quantitative analysis shows that there are has differences mercury levelsfrom whitening cream product which has the registration number of BPOM with sample A1 variant is 224.04 ± 0.35 mg / kg, and for the A2 variant is 188.20 ± 0.28 mg / kg. Not all whitening cream cosmetic among the market has fullfield requirements established by BPOM.Keywords: BPOM, mercury, whitening cream.

ABSTRAKPembalut menjadi kebutuhan wanita yang sangat penting karena digunakan untuk menyerap cairan darah ketika mengalami menstruasi. Pada pembuatan pembalut wanita dimungkinkan adanya pemakaian formaldehida. Oleh karena itu, pembalut wanita termasuk salah satu alat kesehatan yang kandungan dan bahan penyusunnya diatur oleh pemerintah. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode spektrofotometri visibel untuk penentuan kadar formaldehida dalam pembalut wanita sekali pakai. Sebelum digunakan, maka metode spektrofotometri visibel ini harus divalidasi terlebih dahulu untuk memastikan bahwa metode spektrofotometri yang digunakan dapat memberikan hasil yang akurat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan validasi metode spektrofotometri visibel untuk penetapan kadar formaldehida dalam pembalut wanita sekali pakai menggunakan pereaksi nash sebagai reagen spesifik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pembuatan dan pembakuan larutan baku formaldehida, menentukan panjang gelombang maksimal, pembuatan kurva kalibrasi, melakukan uji linieritas, uji LOD dan LOQ, serta uji kesesuaian dan kecermatan, dan menentukan kadar formaldehida pada pembalut wanita. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa metode spektrofotometri visibel memiliki selektifitas, linieritas,batas deteksi dan kuantitasi, presisi dan akurasi yang baik. Kadar rata-rata formaldehida pada ke lima sampel pembalut sebesar 2,88 mg/kg - 4,05 mg/kg.Kata kunci: pembalut, formaldehida, validasi, spektrofotometri visibelABSTRACTSanitary napkins are a very important woman’s need to absorb blood fluids when menstruating. In the manufacture of sanitary napkins may contain formaldehyde additives. Therefore, sanitary napkins are one of the medical devices whose composition is regulated by the government. In this study to identify the use of formaldehyde in sanitary napkins was carried out by visible spectrophotometry using nash reagent. This method should be validated in advance to ensure that the method used can provide accurate data. The aim of this research is to validate visible spectrophotometry method for determination of formaldehyde content indisposable sanitary napkins using nash reagent as specific reagent. Validation of UV – Vis spectrophotometry method for determination of formaldehyde showed that Nash reagent was suitable to determine formaldehyde. This method is linear with correlation coefficient (r2) of 0,99967. The validation characteristics include accuracy and precision, linearity, limit of detection, and limit of quantitation. The acceptance validation criteria were found in all case. Qualitative determination in five sanitary napkins samples showed positive results and the quantitative analysis confirmed that the average content of formaldehyde in five sanitary napkins samples was 2,88 mg/kg – 4,05 mg/kg.Keywords: sanitary napkins, formaldehyde, validation, visible spectrophotometry

ABSTRAKGaram dapat didefinisikan sebagai suatu kumpulan senyawa kimia yang bagian utamanya adalah Natrium Chlorida (NaCl) dengan zat-zat pengotor terdiri dari MgCl2, MgSO4, CaSO4, dan lain-lain. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan sampel garam rakyat dari Pasar Larangan Sidoarjo yang memiliki kualitas dibawah standar, dengan kadar NaCl 81,88% b/b. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pemurnian garam dengan menggunakan metode rekristalisasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama waktu pengadukan (15, 30, dan 45menit) terhadap penambahan beberapa senyawa kimia, seperti natrium hidroksida (NaOH), natrium karbonat (Na2CO3) dan barium klorida (BaCl2) untuk mengurangi ion polutan (Ca2+, Mg2+ dan SO42-). Sehingga kadar NaCl dalam garam rakyat akan meningkat. Kadar NaCl dihitung sebelum dan setelah diberi perlakuan dengan menggunakan metode titrasi argentometri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar NaCl tertinggi diperoleh pada rekristalisasi dengan lama waktu pengadukan 45 menit, dengan kadar 98,86% b/b. Kemurnian ini sesuai untuk memenuhi tuntutan kebutuhan masyarakat dan industri.Kata Kunci: Garam Rakyat, Kadar NaCl, Lama Waktu PengadukanABSTRACTSalt can be defined as chemical compounds which the main substance is Sodium Chloride (NaCl) with impurity substances consist of MgCl2, MgSO4, CaSO4, etc. This study used public salt from Larangan Market Sidoarjo which has sub-standard quality, and the concentration of NaCl is about 81,88%b/b. Hence, salt purification is needed using recrystallization method. This study was conducted to determine the influence of stirring time (15, 30, and 45 minutes) of the addition of several chemical compounds, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodiumcarbonate (Na2CO3) and barium chloride (BaCl2) in order to reduce the pollutant ions (Ca2+, Mg2+ and SO42-). Eventually the percentage of NaCl concentration in public salt will increase. NaCl concentration was calculated before and after treatment was using argentometry titration. The results shows that the highest NaCl concentration is obtained at recrystallization with stirring time 45 minutes, concentration 98,86% b/b. This purity suitable to meet the needs of society and industry demands.Keywords: Stirring Time, The Concentration Of NaCl, Public Salt.

Meatballs and cilok are favorite’s food in public. Based on market surveys, it turns out that there are still foods containing dangerous preservatives like borax. Borax is a toxic material and can poison cells if ingested in large quantities. The purpose of this study was to determine the organoleptic characteristics of meatballs and cilok stored for 3 days at room temperature. In addition, to determine the presence or absence of borax in meatballs and cilok, a qualitative test was carried out using a borax rapid test kit. This research method was carried out by organoleptic and qualitative testing of meatball and cilok samples obtained around SMPN 28 Lakasantri, Surabaya. Sampling was done by total sampling method. Based on the number of meatball and cilok traders around SMPN 28 Lakasantri Surabaya, there were 5 meatball traders and 5 cilok traders with a total of 10 samples. Then, organoleptic and qualitative tests were carried out using a borax rapid test kit.   The results showed that the meatball and cilok samples obtained around SMPN 28 Lakasantri Surabaya after being stored for three days at room temperature, experienced a decrease in quality in the form of a softer texture, a duller color and some even started to grow mold and mildew, and a rotting smell. Meanwhile, based on a qualitative test on all samples of meatballs and cilok using a borax rapid test kit, the results were negative.