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Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the patients' data. The study data were analyzed in SPSS 18.0 software package. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 155 patients who were applied CPR were included in the analysis. Among the study patients, seventy Q2 eight (50.3%) were brought to Emergency Department after developing cardiopulmonary arrest while 77 (49.7%) developed cardiopulmonary arrest at Emergency Department. The mean age of the study population was (66 ± 16) years and 64% of the patients were male. The initial rhythms of the CPR-applied patients were different (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to the treatment protocols or CPR responses (P > 0.05). The CPR response time was longer in ED (P < 0.05). The survival rate was lower in the trauma patients who developed cardiopulmonary arrest at ED (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The scientific data obtained in this study suggest that an early response and therapy improves outcomes in CPR procedure.

Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SCEH) is a considerbaly rare clinical condition. It may lead to persistent neurological deficits or even death unless recognized and treated early in its course. It usually occurs after trauma but may also develop spontaneously. Majority of cases can be diagnosed with a detailed neurological examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Urgent surgical tehrapy is the preferred mode of treatment in advanced cases while a conservative approach is selected for cases with mild neurological deficit. MRI is regarded as the imaging modality of choice fort he diagnosis of SCEH. We report a case of nontrumatic SCEH after oral anticoagulant (OAC) use that presented with sudden-onset paraplegia. We also reviewed the relevant literature. Keywords: Spinal epidural hematoma, nontraumatic, oral anticoagulant, MRI, human prothrombin complex concentrate INTRODUCTİONSpontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SCEH) is a rare condition and it is the rarest cause of neck pain. However, it is a medical emergency since it may lead to permenant neuroogical deficit or even death if missed or left untreated. The clinical picture usually starts with pain corresponding to the level of bleeding and progresses into neurological deficits. Depending on the site of occurrence, it may cause paraparesia, quadriparesia, and sphincteric malfunction. 1Usually observed in cervical and thoracic regions, SCEHs are the rarest among the pathologies causing spinal cord compression.2-5 Epidural hematomas are generally located to the posterior aspect of the spinal cord owing to close relationship of the dura with the posterior longitudinal ligament at the anterior aspect of the dural sac. 2,3,5,6 Epidural hematomas located in the cervical region manifest with acute or chronic symptoms, although neck pain or root pain are the most common complaints. Motor and/or sensory deficits accompany the clinical picture depending on the magnitude of spinal cord compression.2,7,8 SCEH follows a trauma most of the time, although spontaneous SCEHs have also rarely been described. SCEH may complicate hypertension, vascular malformations, bleeding disorders, anticoagulant therapy, tumors, pregnancy, vasculitic syndromes, surgical interventions, and epidural anesthesia. [3][4][5][6]9,10 In this case, we aimed to presented a SCEH case. There was no ethical problem in this case. Case reportA 26-year-old man presented with sudeen-onset neck pain and wekaness in arms and legs. He had been on oral antioagulant therapy (warfarin sodium 5 mg for 30 days). His genreal status was moderately impaired and he was consicous, cooperated and oriented. On physical examination the cardiac sounds were normal, abdomen was nontender, pupils were isocoric, and cranial nerves were roughly intact. Motor examination revealed a muscle strength of 1/5 in left wrist flexion and extension and 1/5 in right wrist flexion and extension. Sensory examination showed anesthesia on T1 dermatome and its continuity. TCR was bilaterally negative. His vital sgins were a...

Syncope is a rapidly developing and automatically recovering loss of consciousness and tonus, frequently seen in emergency services. We aimed that to evaluete syncope patients presenting to the emergency department and to create recommendations for rapid diagnozis and treatment at clinical approaches according to the results. The study evaluates a total of 310 patients administered to Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Hospital's Emergency Medical Clinic between 01/02/2014 and 31/07/2014 due to syncope. The information was recorded in study forms. Average, standard deviation, median, lowest, highest, ratio and frequency values were used in the descriptive statistics of the data. Distribution of variables was checked with Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test. Mann-Whitney U Test was used for the analysis of quantitative data. Chi-Squared Test was used for the analysis of qualitative data. SPSS 22.0 program was used in the Analyses. The syncope etiology was neurocardiogenic in 80 (25.8 %) patients, orthostatic in 46 (14.8 %), cardiogenic in 31 (10 %), neurogenic in 25 (8.1 %), metabolic in 24 (7.7 %) and hypovolemic in 15 (4.9 %). The remaining 89 (28.7 %) patients had syncope of unknown origin. A risk stratification based on SFSR showed that 228 (73.5 %) patients were in the non-risk group while 82 (26.5 %) were in the at-risk group. We believe that the low administration rate of patients, who were administered to our emergency service with high risks according to syncope risk scores, can increase by using risk-scoring systems, and that unnecessary administrations of low-risk patients can be prevented.

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