Solutions to the nursing shortage in North America include the recruitment of international nurses. This descriptive study examines strategies to facilitate the cultural adaptation, job satisfaction, and perception of role and social support of a group of recruited Filipino nurses. Instruments used were the Nursing Work Index-Revised Edition and Occupation Stress Inventory-Revised Edition. Results indicated that the investment in promoting the well-being of recruits in both social and work contexts positively benefits job satisfaction and spills over into related areas of satisfaction and positive adaptation. The literature study also focuses on areas of cultural competence in the context of transcultural nursing.

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The intergenerational or multigenerational family form is rapidly increasing, due to longer life expectancy as well as economic, emotional, and social demands. Historically, extended families were the norm and functioned as economic units, especially in rural and agricultural contexts. Changing demographic patterns include dual‐career, single‐parent, adolescent parent, and deployed military family structures. These serve as incentives to access temporary or permanent intergenerational support systems, even to form intergenerational households. Three generations can form a cohesive unit providing benefits from pooled resources. This family form can deal with child care needs, which can solidify intergenerational relations. Stressors increase when the middle generation in this triad feels sandwiched between caring for the older and younger generations. Family dynamics change over the life span, especially in grandparents' interactions with adult grandchildren. Research in the early twenty‐first century emphasizes the influence of multigenerational family dynamics on participating parties, the sociological/psychological implications, and optimal intergenerational parenting outcomes.

The circumplex model of marital and family systems is anchored in family systems theory. This model illustrates the reactions and adaptations of families to the stressors they experience developmentally. The model represents the interaction of dimensions of cohesion (emotional bonding) and flexibility (stability of a system). Importantly, a system is not fixed in a static point as families constantly adjust. The original circumplex model as it applies to family systems is attributed to the work of David H. Olson. Olson and coworkers also developed a program used in marriage and family counseling contexts called the PREPARE/ENRICH program. The family assessment tool that was developed in conjunction with the circumplex model is the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale.