Este trabalho relaciona a noção de identidade profissional da Terapia Ocupacional com a obra Estigma: notas sobre a manipulação da identidade deteriorada, do sociólogo canadense Erving Goffman. Buscase articular ao campo profissional um conjunto específico de conceitos que, na perspectiva teórica do interacionismo simbólico, foram desenvolvidos pelo autor. Tais conceitos relacionados à informação social são aplicados a situações cotidianas da profissão, de modo que é possível constatar que as manipulações da identidade acontecem no âmbito profissional de forma muito similar ao descrito por Goffman em seu livro. A análise é complementada por artigos e estudos acadêmicos nacionais e internacionais do campo da Terapia Ocupacional sobre o tema da identidade profissional. Ainda que o estudo da identidade profissional exija diferentes enfoques, conclui-se que as ideias do referido autor contribuem significativamente nas reflexões acerca do tema.
The world population aging has been happening fast and one of the great challenges of this century is the creation of strategies for quality of life and for the care of the elderly population that still presents a high prevalence of chronic degenerative and incapacitating diseases, among them the Disease of Parkinson This qualitative study had as objective to know the interventions of the occupational therapist next to the elderly with Parkinson's Disease, as well as the conceptions of the elderly with Parkinson's Disease on the occupational therapy. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight occupational therapists attending elderly people with Parkinson's disease and six elderly with the disease. The data were analyzed through the thematic analysis proposed by Minayo. From this, the following categories emerged that guided the discussion: understanding about Occupational Therapy by the elderly; objectives of occupational therapy; evaluations, techniques, resources, and approaches in Occupational Therapy and the perception about the results of occupational therapy. It is concluded that the elderly have difficulty in understanding the profession, that there are differences between the conceptions of the elderly and the professionals in relation to the objectives of the treatment, the techniques and the methods used by the professionals were different, but mostly based in motor components, and that the efficacy of treatment is strongly related to the stage of the disease in which the elderly are and to their adherence to treatment.
ResumoO objetivo deste artigo foi identificar, com base na literatura, como a saúde do idoso e o envelhecimento têm sido abordados na formação universitária dos profissionais de saúde e o que vem sendo considerado relevante nesta temática. Trata-se de estudo de revisão integrativa em que foi realizada busca por artigos nas bases de dados PubMed/ MEDLINE, LILACS, IBECS e SciELO. Os aspectos discutidos na literatura foram: os requisitos e as competências necessárias para a atenção de qualidade aos idosos; as atitudes didáticas e as práticas formativas relacionadas ao tema "saúde do idoso"; a forma e disposição dos conteúdos ofertados acerca do envelhecimento na formação profissional; a avaliação do ensino por parte de docentes, discentes e egressos e os processos de implementação dos cursos de Gerontologia. Considerando os estudos nacionais e internacionais, as discussões acerca do tema, de forma geral, foram similares. Os conteúdos e práticas considerados relevantes à formação foram os assuntos mais investigados e os enfermeiros e médicos os profissionais que mais pesquisaram o tema. AbstractThis article aimed to identify, from the literature, how the health of the elderly and aging have been addressed in the education of health professionals and what has been considered relevant to this theme. This is an integrative literature review carried out searching for items from PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, IBECS and SciELO databases. The issues discussed were the requirements and skills needed for quality care for the elderly, didactic training practices and attitudes related to the theme, the form and arrangement of the content offered on aging in vocational training, assessment of teaching and students and implementation processes of Gerontology courses. Considering the national and international studies, we have noticed that discussions about the subject were similar. The contents and practices considered relevant on training were the most investigated aspects. Nurses and physicians were most likely researching the topic.Descritores: Educação Superior. Envelhecimento. Saúde do Idoso. Idoso.http://dx
Objective: to understand the role of cultural engagement in the lives of older adults. Method: an integrative literature review of publications from 2014 and 2019 in English, Portuguese, and Spanish was conducted. The Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, PsycNET®, LILACS, SciELO Citation Index and Science Direct databases were used as sources of information. The descriptors “aged” and the related term “cultural engagement” in the three idioms were used in the search, together with the Boolean operators “AND” or “ OR”. A total of 12 articles that met the inclusion criteria were found. These were categorized based on the theme. No Brazilian studies were found. Results: the panorama found revealed that older adults are more interested in receptive cultural activities, such as going to museums, exhibitions and the theater, as these enrich and add greater social value to their lives. Cultural engagement was associated with a reduction in the incidence of neuropsychiatric disorders (dementia and depression), as well as reducing the incidence of episodes of violence. Participation in cultural activities also constituted a protective factor for cognitive abilities and for the reduction of chronic pain. There is also evidence that associates cultural engagement with a better perception of quality of life and greater well-being, happiness and positive affect, as well as the reduction of negative affect. Conclusion: engaging in cultural activities is a way of understanding and respecting cultural diversity, salvaging social identities, and enjoying and providing experiences of great social value, with beneficial impacts in the lives of older adults.
Com foco nas iniciativas de países da América Latina no enfrentamento à vulnerabilidade social da população idosa, realizou-se um estudo de revisão, no acervo on-line da Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe – CEPAL. Reuniram-se 27 publicações, entre 2007-2017, discutidas quanto a sistemas de pensão, redes de apoio, políticas e programas sociais. As iniciativas são heterogêneas e decorrem, sobretudo, do grau de envelhecimento e do perfil socioeconômico de cada país.
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