Preparation has been proposed in the literature as one of the most important phases of an interpreting assignment, especially if the subject is highly specialised. Preparing an assignment in advance aims at bridging the linguistic and extra-linguistic gap between conference participants and interpreters and at reducing the cognitive load during interpretation. For these reasons it is considered crucial in ensuring higher interpreting quality. Yet, preparation is generally time-consuming and interpreters may often experience the feeling of not knowing exactly how to perform this task efficiently. Information technology could change this. Even though the first computer-assisted interpreting software has entered the profession in recent years, no tool has been specifically developed to satisfy the needs of interpreters during the preparatory phase. After analysing different theoretical frameworks of interpreting preparation, this paper aims at presenting a tool that implements a corpus-driven approach to preparation. According to this approach, the process of knowledge and language acquisition needed to perform well as an interpreter is optimized by making it corpus-driven: browsing the terminology of the domain in a specialised corpus, interpreters are able to reconstruct its conceptual structure, prepare subject-related glossaries and rationalise the preparatory work.

Many translation scholars have proposed the use of corpora to allow professional translators to produce high quality texts which read like originals. Yet, the diffusion of this methodology has been modest, one reason being the fact that software for corpora analyses have been developed with the linguist in mind, which means that they are generally complex and cumbersome, offering many advanced features, but lacking the level of usability and the specific features that meet translators' needs. To overcome this shortcoming, we have developed TranslatorBank, a free corpus creation and analysis tool designed for translation tasks. TranslatorBank supports the creation of specialized monolingual corpora from the web; it includes a concordancer with a query system similar to a search engine; it uses basic statistical measures to indicate the reliability of results; it accesses the original documents directly for more contextual information; it includes a statistical and linguistic terminology extraction utility to extract the relevant terminology of the domain and the typical collocations of a given term. Designed to be easy and intuitive to use, the tool may help translation students as well as professionals to increase their translation quality by adhering to the specific linguistic variety of the target text corpus. Keywords: Corpus tools. Translation. Professionalization. Monolingual corpus. A VUELTAS CON LA COMPILACIÓN Y HERRAMIENTAS DE ANÁLISIS DE CORPUS PARA LA PRÁCTICA DE LA TRADUCCIÓNResumen: Muchos investigadores han propuesto el uso de corpus como herramienta para que los traductores profesionales produzcan textos de alta calidad que puedan leerse como si fueran originales. Sin embargo, la difusión de esta metodología ha sido reducida. Una de las razones tiene que ver con el hecho de que los programas de análisis de corpus se han desarrollado teniendo en mente la figura del lingüista, lo que, en líneas generales, los ha llevado a ser complejos y engorrosos: si bien ofrecen muchas características avanzadas, carecen del nivel de usabilidad y características específicas que satisfagan las necesidades de los traductores. Ante este panorama, hemos desarrollado TranslatorBank, una herramienta gratuita de creación y análisis de corpus diseñada para la práctica de la traducción. TranslatorBank permite crear corpus monolingües especializados a partir de la web; extraer concordancias con un sistema de consulta similar al de un motor de búsqueda; utiliza medidas estadísticas básicas para indicar la fiabilidad de los resultados; accede directamente a los documentos originales para obtener más información contextual; incluye un extractor terminológico basado en datos estadísticos y lingüísticos para extraer la terminología relevante del ámbito, así como las colocaciones típicas de un término dado. Diseñada para ser intuitiva y fácil de usar, esta herramienta puede ayudar a los estudiantes de traducción, así como a los profesionales a aumentar su calidad de traducción ateniéndose a la variedad lingüística espec...

In recent years, automatic speech-to-speech and speech-to-text translation has gained momentum thanks to advances in artificial intelligence, especially in the domains of speech recognition and machine translation. The quality of such applications is commonly tested with automatic metrics, such as BLEU, primarily with the goal of assessing improvements of releases or in the context of evaluation campaigns. However, little is known about how the output of such systems is perceived by end users or how they compare to human performances in similar communicative tasks.In this paper, we present the results of an experiment aimed at evaluating the quality of a real-time speech translation engine by comparing it to the performance of professional simultaneous interpreters. To do so, we adopt a framework developed for the assessment of human interpreters and use it to perform a manual evaluation on both human and machine performances. In our sample, we found better performance for the human interpreters in terms of intelligibility, while the machine performs slightly better in terms of informativeness. The limitations of the study and the possible enhancements of the chosen framework are discussed. Despite its intrinsic limitations, the use of this framework represents a first step towards a user-centric and communicationoriented methodology for evaluating real-time automatic speech translation.

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Racism goes to the movies: A corpus-driven study of cross-linguistic racist discourse annotation and translation analysis Effie Mouka, Ioannis E. Saridakis and Angeliki Fotopoulou 4 Building a trilingual parallel corpus to analyse literary translations from German into Basque Naroa Zubillaga, Zuriñe Sanz and Ibon Uribarri 5 Variation in translation: Evidence from corpora Ekaterina Lapshinova-Koltunski 6 Non-human agents in subject position: Translation from English into Dutch: A corpus-based translation study of "give" and "show" Steven Doms 7 Investigating judicial phraseology with COSPE: A contrastive corpusbased study Gianluca Pontrandolfo Indexes