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2Phthalates are widely used as plasticizers in numerous products. However, there has been some concern 3 about the various effects they may have on human health. Thus, household phthalate levels are an important 4 public health issue. While many studies have assessed phthalate levels in house dust, the association of these 5 levels with building characteristics has scarcely been examined. The present study investigated phthalate 6 levels in house dust samples collected from the living areas of homes, and examined associations between 7 these phthalate levels and the interior materials. Dust was collected from two portions of the living area: 8 floor dust from the entire floor surface, and multi-surface dust from objects more than 35 cm above the floor. 9The levels of seven phthalates were measured using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in selective ion 10 monitoring mode. Phthalate levels were higher in multi-surface dust than in floor dust. Among floor dust 11 samples, those from dwellings with compressed wooden flooring had significantly higher levels of di-iso-

As the popularity of voice user interface (VUI) exploded in recent years, speaker recognition system has emerged as an important medium of identifying a speaker in many security-required applications and services. In this paper, we propose the first real-time, universal, and robust adversarial attack against the state-of-the-art deep neural network (DNN) based speaker recognition system. Through adding an audio-agnostic universal perturbation on arbitrary enrolled speaker's voice input, the DNN-based speaker recognition system would identify the speaker as any target (i.e., adversary-desired) speaker label. In addition, we improve the robustness of our attack by modeling the sound distortions caused by the physical over-the-air propagation through estimating room impulse response (RIR). Experiment using a public dataset of 109 English speakers demonstrates the effectiveness and robustness of our proposed attack with a high attack success rate of over 90%. The attack launching time also achieves a 100× speedup over contemporary non-universal attacks.

1We measured urinary phthalate metabolites, including di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), di-isobutyl 2 phthalate, benzyl butyl phthalate (BBzP), and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), from 178 school-3 aged children and their 284 family members using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and we 4 calculated daily phthalate intakes. The highest median levels of phthalate metabolites were for 5 mono-isobutyl phthalate in all participants except schoolchildren, where the highest levels were for 6 mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP). Comparing the schoolchildren with their parents, 7 the schoolchildren had significantly higher urinary metabolites for MEOHP, mono-(2-ethyl-5-8 carboxypentyl) phthalate, and ΣDEHP. Regarding daily intakes, the schoolchildren had significantly 9 higher daily intakes of DnBP, BBzP, and ΣDEHP. All phthalate metabolite and sums of metabolite 10 levels in the schoolchildren were positively correlated with their mothers' levels, except for MEHP, 11 whereas fathers were less correlated with their children. The DEHP intake in this study was higher 12 than that of most other studies. Moreover, 10% of the children and 3% of the adults exceeded the 13 Reference Dose (RfD) value (20 g/kg/day) of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, which 14 indicates that it is important to focus on children's DEHP exposure because the children exceeded 15 the RfD more than adults among the same families who shared similar exposure sources. Our 16 results will contribute to considerations of the regulations for some phthalates and the actual 17 phthalate exposure levels in the Japanese population. 18 3

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