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This study was undertaken in order to investigate: a) the short-and long-term in vivo effects of cadmium (Cd) on brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE), (Na Brain total antioxidant status was decreased by Cd (30%, PϽ0.01), while it was increased by L-cysteine or L-cysteineπCd (50%, PϽ0.001) in the short-term in vivo treatment. L-cysteine reversed the enzymatic activity changes observed with Cd alone in the high-dose short-term in vivo treatment of rats, as well as the brain AChE inhibition induced by Cd in the in vitro experiments. These results indicate that: a) Cd can influence in a different way the examined enzyme activities after short-and long-term administration, b) Cd may modulate brain cholinergic mechanism(s), neural excitability and metabolic energy production, and c) L-cysteine can have a protective antioxidant effect on the oxidative stress of the brain induced by Cd.

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