The simplification of the plant cultures range and the yields in the last 10-15 years brings into the actuality the role of crop rotation andof fertilization on the yield level and stability for wheat and maize even on the soils with a high natural fertility. The results of the researchesperformed between the years 2006 – 2009 on a cambic low gleyed chernozem from the Banat Plain showed that the wheat cultivated inmonoculture gives productions with 59-81% lower than that cultivated in crop rotation with other plants during 2-4 years. In maize, the yieldobtained in monoculture is situated behind that obtained in crop rotation with 11-21%. The most favorable crop rotations for wheat wererape-wheat in a 4 years rotation and soybean-wheat in simple rotation of 2 years. In maize, the most favorable was the 2 years rotation(wheat-maize). The mineral fertilization was very efficient both in wheat (11-36%) and maize (9-31%). The organic fertilization with manurewas very efficient for maize, the yields being superior with a mean value by 34% for a 60 t/ha dose and with 16% for 30t/ha. The fertilizationcompensates the negative effect expressed by the monocultivation only in a small measure