A large variety of angularly selective fenestration systems has been developed in the past two decades and shows great potential in improving visual comfort while reducing energy consumption, especially when combined with spectrally selective properties. Such systems include light-redirecting glazing, shading, film coatings, reflectors and others. To assess the potential of these systems accurately and reliably, one needs to be able to predict in detail how they modify the energy, direction, and spectral make-up of solar radiation. For this assessment, spectral (wavelength-dependent) Bidirectional Transmission or Reflection Distribution Functions are used, usually referred to as BTDFs or BRDFs, or more generally BSDFs for Scattering Functions.To enable a faster, cheaper, and continuous investigation of these properties over most of the solar spectrum (400 to 1700 nm), an innovative goniospectrometric instrument has been created, relying on digital imaging, on light collection by an ellipsoidal half-transparent mirror, and on a filtering method in the visible range to generate spectral radiometric BSDFs. This so-called Heliodome instrument is described in this paper. It enables the performance of new fenestration technologies to be assessed in terms of lighting and solar gains management potential. The rotating table also serves as a heliodon, an architectural design tool for visualizing sunlight distribution inside a scale model and performing analyses on appropriate sun control strategies. The Heliodome's major innovations compared to other devices are to enable an analysis of both the visible and the near-infrared portions of the solar spectrum, to provide * Corresponding author: Prof.

PURPOSE: To determine if a significant difference exists in the bleeding complications following circumcision in neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) versus the normal newborn nursery (NNN).MATERIALS AND METHODS: Observational cohort study of 260 infants undergoing circumcision with Gomco clamp. Vitamin K was given to neonates at delivery.Demographic data, procedural characteristics, bleeding complications, and interventions were recorded. The bleeding rates of the two groups were compared using chi square.RESULTS: NICU neonates experienced increased bleeding complications versus NNN neonates (22% vs 9.6%, P=0.029). No differences were found regarding gestational age at delivery, age at circumcision, and birth weight. Neonates with circumcision performed at ≥ 5 days of life experienced increased rates of bleeding complications versus those performed at ≤ 4 days (28% vs. 10.3%, P=0.023). All neonates with circumcision performed ≥ 5 days of life were initially admitted to the NICU. CONCLUSION: NICU neonates had increased rate of bleeding complications following circumcision when compared to the NNN neonates. There was an increased rate of bleeding complications in neonates who undergo circumcision at ≥ 5 days of life. Further research may help to determine if redosing of Vitamin K is necessary for circumcision at > 4 days.Circumcision bleeding complications 3

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