The treatment of eroded teeth, caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), with direct composite resin appears to be a conservative and esthetic procedure that is well accepted by patients. However, this treatment can be carried out only after complete management of the causes of the GERD. (J Esthet Restor Dent 21:304-317, 2009).

The use of CR/RC was shown to be similar to the use of RD in terms of retention rates, patient's preference, gingival damage, and chairside time for adhesive restorations in NCCL.

Objective To describe the use of the injectable resin composite restorative technique with a flowable resin material, in a clinical case with esthetic problems associated with irregular tooth anatomies, allied with a finishing, and polishing protocol due to staining after 1 year of use. Clinical Considerations The presented case report helped to achieve an immediate highly esthetic restoration with appropriate width proportions based on a previous wax‐up. After 1 year of use, restorations presented staining; therefore, finishing and polishing procedures were required to re‐achieve acceptable esthetic results and thus increase restoration's survival. Conclusions The use of the presented technique allowed to obtain a simple and predictable workflow; however, care must be taken on the follow up of the restorations due to intrinsic characteristics of the flowable resin material. Clinical Significance The use of the presented injectable technique helped on obtaining a precise anatomy replicating a diagnostic wax‐up, thus improving marginal precision and achieving a highly esthetic and functional immediate outcome, with an easy workflow when appropriately planned and executed. However, it also presented low color stability after 1 year of use only, thus, requiring attention from clinicians in regard to its maintenance over time.

SUMMARY Objectives: This study assessed the nanohardness (NH) and Young's modulus (YM) of resindentin bonding components formed by an ethanol/water-based (Adper Single Bond Plus [SBP]) and an acetone-based system (One Step Plus [OSP]) under different moisture conditions and application methods.Material and Methods: On 24 human molars, a flat, superficial dentin surface was exposed by wet abrasion. After acid-etching, two coats of SBP or OSP adhesive were applied on either a dry or rewetted dentin surface under vigorous rubbing action or inactive application. After polymerization of the adhesives (600 mW/cm 2 /20 seconds), composite buildups were constructed incrementally and the specimens were stored in water (37°C/24 hours). They were cross-sectioned perpendicular to the resin-dentin interface to obtain 1.5 mm-thick slices that were embedded and polished before the test. Nano-indentations C Higashi • MD Michel • A Reis AD Loguercio • OMM Gomes • JC Gomes Clinical RelevanceThe vigorous rubbing action of acetone and ethanol/water-based adhesives into dry demineralized dentin resulted in high nanohardness and Young's modulus in the hybrid layer, and moisture increased the nanohardness and Young's modulus of Adper Single Bond Plus in the adhesive layer. Results: When the dentin was kept wet, the mode of application did not affect the studied properties within the hybrid layer. On the other hand, the vigorous application mode increased the NH and YM of both adhesives applied in airdried dentin. In the adhesive layer, the highest NH and YM were observed only for SBP, especially when applied in wet dentin under vigorous action.Conclusion: It was concluded that: 1) the vigorous application of both adhesives in dry dentin resulted in high nanohardness and Young's modulus values in the hybrid layer and 2) in the adhesive layer, the moisture associated with the vigorous application mode increased the nanohardness and Young's modulus values of Adper Single Bond Plus.

This case report relates a patient with altered passive eruption (APE) treated with surgical crown lengthening. There is a strong association between smile esthetics and periodontal tissues. 'Gummy smile' constitutes a relatively frequent esthetic disadvantage characterized by excessive display of the gums during upper lip smiling. One situation that can lead to gummy smile is APE. There are many important diagnostic factors connected with APE. These include making a correct diagnosis; considering facial and oral features before considering the most appropriate periodontal treatment. A 21-year-old female patient presented to the dental clinic expressing to be discontent with her smile, due to the display of gingiva when she smiles. Before choosing the adequate treatment, esthetics and periodontal factors were analyzed. In the present case report, surgical crown lengthening was the treatment chosen. Through a correct diagnosis and technique, it was possible to obtain harmony in the smile. Crown-lengthening surgery is an important choice of treatment, because it is a less invasive technique and it permits the establishment of an esthetical smile.