Sprouted and fermented foods have shown hypoglycemic effects on humans and animals, by reducing concentrations of soluble carbohydrates, and increasing dietary fiber and resistant starch content. In this study, diets with high levels of simple carbohydrates supplemented with toasted quinoa flour, sprouted and toasted quinoa flour, fermented and toasted quinoa flour or sprouted/fermented and toasted quinoa flour were given to Wistar rats. During the experiment, the glycemic index (GI) of the diets were measure and, at the end of 47 days of feeding, the effects of the diets on physical and biochemical parameters of the animals were evaluated. Results indicated that the processes of sprouting and/or fermentation potentiate the ability of quinoa to reduce GI of diets with high levels of simple carbohydrates. Moreover, food intake, blood glucose and lipid levels, and accumulation of epididymal adipose tissue were reduced in rats fed diets supplemented with quinoa. These effects may be due to the nutritional composition of the supplemented diets, besides the chemical changes promoted by processing quinoa. These results are particularly relevant once sprouted and fermented quinoa could be an alimentary source of interest, especially for disease risk prevention such as diabetes, obesity and dyslipidemias.
Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar as características físicas e químicas de tomates secos em conserva, adquiridos no comércio varejista da cidade de Belo Horizonte (MG). Foram avaliados oito produtos diferentes, tendo sido determinados: a massa das fatias, a composição centesimal e o teor de minerais. A umidade dos produtos variou de 39,2 % a 66,6 %. Metade dos tomates secos apresentou valor de pH superior a 4,5 e apenas o produto C mostrou relação SS/AT inferior a 10. Os tomates secos apresentaram alto teor de energia, carboidratos, lipídios e fi bras, magnésio, cobre, ferro e potássio. Com exceção do produto A, os tomates secos revelaram excessivo teor de sódio, variando de 620,1 a 1956,8 mg.100 g -1 . De modo geral, os tomates secos são produtos com alto valor nutricional, porém com o aspecto negativo de serem ricos em sódio e em energia.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: TOMATE SECO; COMPOSIÇÃO NUTRICIONAL; MINERAIS.
Os carotenóides são pigmentos naturais presentes nos alimentos, que dependendo de suas estruturas podem ser convertidos em vitamina A. Representam uma classe de antioxidantes encontrados predominantemente em frutas e vegetais, tendo sua composição e estabilidade nos alimentos afetadas por diversos fatores. O metabolismo dos carotenóides no organismo é um processo complexo, similar ao dos lipídeos e está associado a potenciais benefícios através de sua atividade modulatória. A sua ação, principalmente antioxidante, é dependente da capacidade do organismo absorvê-lo, armazená-lo e utilizá-lo em seus diferentes sistemas metabólicos. Diante disso é necessário compreender os fatores que afetam a sua biodisponibilidade. Portanto, o objetivo desta revisão foi descrever o metabolismo dos carotenóides, sua atividade no organismo e os fatores que podem interferir em sua biodisponibilidade. Palavras chave: Metabolismo; interações nutricionais, atividade modulatória.Carotenoids are natural pigments present in foods, depending on their structures can be converted into vitamin A. Represent a class of antioxidants found mainly in fruits and vegetables, and its composition and stability of foods affected by several factors. The metabolism of carotenoids in the body is a complex process, similar to that of lipids and is associated with potential benefits through their modulatory activity. Their action, especially antioxidant, is dependent on the body's ability to absorb it, store it and use it in their different metabolic systems. Besides, we need to understand the factors affecting its bioavailability. Therefore, the aim of this review was to describe the metabolism of carotenoids, their activity in the body and the factors that may interfere with its bioavailability. Key words: Metabolism, nutritional interactions, modulatory activity.
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