Thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) are useful techniques that have been successfully applied in the pharmaceutical industry to reveal important information regarding the physicochemical properties of drug and excipient molecules such as polymorphism, stability, purity, formulation compatibility among others. Verapamil hydrochloride shows thermal stability up to 180 °C and melts at 146 °C, followed by total degradation. The drug is compatible with all the excipients evaluated. The drug showed degradation when subjected to oxidizing conditions, suggesting that the degradation product is 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid derived from alkyl side chain oxidation. Verapamil hydrochloride does not present the phenomenon of polymorphism under the conditions evaluated. Assessing the drug degradation kinetics, the drug had a shelf life (t90) of 56.7 years and a pharmaceutical formulation showed t90 of 6.8 years showing their high stability.
Thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) are useful techniques that have been successfully applied in the pharmaceutical industry to reveal important information regarding the physicochemical properties of drugs and excipient molecules, such as polymorphism, stability, purity, formulation compatibility, among others. AMI presents a thermal stability of up to 431 K and a fusion onset temperature of 432 K. The drug has proven to be incompatible with magnesium stearate, eskis red pigment, and yellow iron oxide. In the present study, this drug presented degradation upon undergoing basic hydrolysis and oxidation; the degradation product produced under basic hydrolysis is 2-butyl-3-benzofuranyl-3,4-dihydroxy-5-iodophenylketone. Assessing the degradation kinetics, the drug presented a shelf life (t₉₀) of 43 years, while a pharmaceutical formulation showed a t₉₀ of 1.7 years, which is consistent with commonly understood incompatibilities in pharmaceutical formulations.
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