Background: Pregnancies that follow perinatal loss are often associated with mental health disorders, which are not usually treated or even identified. Objectives: The main study aim is to identify the prevalence of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and complicated perinatal grief at different stages of pregnancy following a prior gestational loss. Methods: This descriptive longitudinal study will be conducted with a twelve-month follow-up. The study variables addressed will include sociodemographic data (age, sex, education, marital status, employment status and obstetric history) together with clinical data on complicated perinatal grief and post-traumatic stress disorder scores. Results: The results obtained are expected to provide a new perspective on the healthcare approach to perinatal loss and subsequent pregnancy. Conclusions: We seek to optimise comprehensive healthcare in cases of pregnancy following previous perinatal loss and to evaluate options to minimise possible risks.

Background: For school medical services and the staff responsible for sex education for adolescents, it is important to understand the factors that may influence gender violence. The aim of this study is to determine whether the presence of sexist attitudes, double standards and/or romantic myths contributes to the risk of gender violence. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at five secondary schools in the province of Malaga (Spain). In total, 879 adolescents aged 12–18 years were included, studying years 1–4 of compulsory secondary education. Their attitudes were measured on the following scales: Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI), Double Standard Scale (DSS) and Romantic Love Myths Scale (EMA). Results: Significant differences were observed among the age/year groups for the mean scores obtained on each of the above scales (DSS, p < 0.01; EMA, p < 0.01; ASI, p < 0.01). By gender, the boys recorded higher scores for ASI and lower ones for DSS (p < 0.01). The Spearman’s rho value revealed significant relationships between the presence of sexual double standards and that of romantic myths and ambivalent attitudes (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Adolescents commonly express romantic love myths, sexist attitudes and sexual double standards. These three factors, which are significantly correlated, influence the presence of violence in dating relationships.

Background: Due to rapid sociodemographic and technological change, the global demand for surgical attention is rising exponentially, requiring new strategies for optimisation and sustainability in perioperative care. Design: We conduced the scoping review using the methodology recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute supported with The PAGER framework and guided by the PRISMA-ScR Checklist. Methods: Four databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, SCOPUS and PUBMED) were examined to extract relevant published results for elective surgery on adult patients during the period 2011-2021. This process identified 609 records. Exclusion criteria were applied, and the sample was then evaluated with the Quality Assessment Tool for Studies with Diverse Designs (QATSDD), after which 15 studies remained. Results: The following preoperative indicators and/or predictors were considered: (1) Anxiety; (2) Pain; (3) Health education, knowledge and training; (4) Satisfaction; (5) Management/organisation (including costs, resources used/available, organisational issues, hospital stay (preoperative), standardisation and protocolisation. Conclusion: The identification of five indicators and/or predictors of complications or inefficiencies in the surgical process, which can be modified by nursing, allows the effective application of interventions in the preoperative phase, optimising care and improving health outcomes.Relevance to clinical practice: The development and implementation of specific nursing skills in the preoperative phase are essential to optimise the surgical process.

IntroductionVaccination is a fundamental intervention in disease prevention; therefore, the advice and recommendations of health professionals have a major influence on the population’s decision to be vaccinated or not. Professionals must have sufficient competencies to carry out their work and recommend vaccination with evidence-based knowledge. The aim is to design and validate a strategy to improve professional competencies in vaccination to positively influence adherence and increase vaccination rates in the population.Methods and analysisTraining will be designed based on evidence and previous studies and piloted with healthcare providers. To test changes in knowledge, a pretest and post-test will be conducted. To test feasibility, a think-aloud method will be used with participants and triangulated with focus groups using SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis. Transfer will be measured using the questionnaire ‘factors for the indirect evaluation of transfer’ and an efficacy questionnaire 1½ months later; for satisfaction, an ad hoc questionnaire will be used. A summative approach will be used for the analysis of the focus groups and descriptive and bivariate statistics for the questionnaires.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Andalusian Research Ethics Committee, Spain (approval number: 0524-N-20). The results will be made available to the public at journal publications and scientific conferences.

The aim of this study was to perform a cross-cultural adaption and validation of the Global Pain Scale (GPS) to produce a Spanish-language version (GPS-Sp) and to determine the psychometric properties of this instrument. The GPS was cross-culturally translated into Spanish following the guidelines of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research. The initial study population was composed of 384 patients recruited from February to May 2021. All participants were aged at least 18 years and were currently experiencing pain. All gave signed informed consent to take part and completed the Brief Inventory-Sp and GPS-Spain questionnaires. Cronbach's ɑ and test/retest reliability values were calculated and floor/ceiling effects analyzed. Construct validity was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The 370 patients included in the final analysis presented the following characteristics: 36.2% were male and 63.8% were female; mean age 42.6 (19-88) years; mean body mass index 24.99. Internal consistency was good. The Cronbach's ɑ for GPS-Sp was 0.86 and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.94 (95% CI; 0.87-0.97). Five main explanatory factors were identified by CFA, which produced the following values: RMSEA = 0.057; CFI = 0.807; GFI = 0.809; NFI = 0.763. No floor/ceiling effect was observed. The GPS-Sp is a valid, reliable and sensitive instrument for assessing pain in a Spanish-speaking population and could facilitate pain relief in this population.biomechanics, clinical outcomes, foot and ankle, low back pain, osteoarthritis | INTRODUCTIONPain is a global health problem 1 that is estimated to affect 20% of all adults, while another 10% are diagnosed with chronic pain each year. 2 Although pain affects all populations, regardless of age, sex, income, race/ethnicity, and geography, it is not equally distributed around the world. Moreover, it may be experienced acutely, chronically (defined as lasting for longer than 3 months) or intermittently, or even as a combination of all three. 3 The background and causes of pain are complex questions, which