Background and purposeA multi-country European study using data from six healthcare databases from four countries was performed to evaluate in a large study population (>32 million) the risk of ischemic stroke (IS) associated with individual NSAIDs and to assess the impact of risk factors of IS and co-medication.MethodsCase-control study nested in a cohort of new NSAID users. For each case, up to 100 sex- and age-matched controls were selected and confounder-adjusted odds ratios for current use of individual NSAIDs compared to past use calculated.Results49,170 cases of IS were observed among 4,593,778 new NSAID users. Use of coxibs (odds ratio 1.08, 95%-confidence interval 1.02–1.15) and use of traditional NSAIDs (1.16, 1.12–1.19) were associated with an increased risk of IS. Among 32 individual NSAIDs evaluated, the highest significant risk of IS was observed for ketorolac (1.46, 1.19–1.78), but significantly increased risks (in decreasing order) were also found for diclofenac, indomethacin, rofecoxib, ibuprofen, nimesulide, diclofenac with misoprostol, and piroxicam. IS risk associated with NSAID use was generally higher in persons of younger age, males, and those with a prior history of IS.ConclusionsRisk of IS differs between individual NSAIDs and appears to be higher in patients with a prior history of IS or transient ischemic attack (TIA), in younger or male patients. Co-medication with aspirin, other antiplatelets or anticoagulants might mitigate this risk. The small to moderate observed risk increase (by 13–46%) associated with NSAIDs use represents a public health concern due to widespread NSAID usage.
In this industrial cohort of men, with relative low incidence of CHD, smoking and serum cholesterol at baseline remained associated with the incidence of CHD through 28 years of observation.
De leishmaniosis tegumentaria americana se registran 1,5 millones de nuevos casos, está presente en 88 países, esto hace que ocupe el sexto lugar entre las enfermedades importantes del mundo y el segundo entre las enfermedades parasitarias únicamente detrás del paludismo, pero en América Latina son escasos los trabajos sobre conocimientos de leishmaniosis tegumentaria americana como sustento de los programas sanitarios de control la mayoría únicamente se enfocan en aspectos tales como: control químico y biológico de vectores, estudio de reservorios, seroprevalencia en áreas endémicas, tratamiento farmacológico e inmunoterapia. El objetivo determinar las características clínico-epidemiológicas y conocimiento sobre leishmaniosis tegumentaria americana. Estudio descriptivo con diseño de investigación documental y de campo, con base en la revisión de registro epidemiológico y aplicación de un cuestionario. La mayoría de los afectados son adultos jóvenes (20-59 años) (66,3%) del género masculino, obreros (27,4%) con lesiones en miembro superior (40,5%), generalmente únicas (53,4%) y tratadas (86,3%). 80% conoce la enfermedad y 83% al transmisor, y 38% conoce el tratamiento farmacológico. Se concluye que los afectados con LTA son principalmente hombres, en edad económicamente productiva, obreros y agricultores, con niveles educativos no superiores a medio diversificado, ubicados en pobreza relativa como estrato socio-económico, con lesiones de piel únicas en regiones expuestas del cuerpo y tratadas farmacológicamente; que la población conoce la historia natural de la enfermedad y el transmisor, pero desconocen aspectos de la biología del insecto; y que conocen y prefieren el tratamiento médico-farmacológico del sistema médico-científico y del servicio curativo público.
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