OBJECTIVE Evaluate the school environments to which ninth-year students are exposed in Brazil and in the five regions of the country according to health promotion guidelines.METHODS Cross-sectional study from 2012, with a representative sample of Brazil and its macroregions. We interviewed ninth-year schoolchildren and managers of public and private schools. We proposed a score of health promotion in the school environment (EPSAE) and estimated the distribution of school members according to this score. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) were used, by ordinal regression, to determine the schoolchildren and schools with higher scores, according to the independent variables.RESULTS A student is more likely to attend a school with a higher EPSAE in the South (OR = 2.80; 95%CI 2.67–2.93) if the school is private (OR = 4.52; 95%CI 4.25–4.81) and located in a state capital, as well as if the student is 15 years of age or older, has a paid job, or has parents with higher education.CONCLUSIONS The inequalities among the country’s regions and schools are significant, demonstrating the need for resources and actions that promote greater equity.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the relationship between the health promotion conditions in schools and the consumption of alcohol and other drugs by students.METHODS:This is a cross-sectional study with a probabilistic sample of 3,464 students aged 12 to 17 from all schools of the cities of Lajeado and Sapiranga, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and 53 managers from the same schools; the data was collected in 2012. Reports of the use of tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drugs in 2012 were used as outcomes, and the health promotion score in the school environment was used as the exposure of interest. We submitted the data to multilevel analysis.RESULTS:The prevalence of the annual use of tobacco was 9.8% (95%CI 8.8-10.8), alcohol was 46.2% (95%CI 44.5-47.8), and other drugs was 10.9% (95%CI 9.9-12.0). In the crude analysis, only the use of tobacco was associated with less health promoting schools (OR = 1.89, 95%CI 1.16-3.09) when compared to those with better conditions. This association lost statistical significance in the adjusted analysis (OR = 1.27, 95%CI 0.74-2.19).CONCLUSIONS:The effects of the school environment on the use of drugs, especially tobacco and alcohol, are manifested mainly by the individual and family conditions of the adolescents.

IntroductionUse of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs can be considered a global health problem, which typically begins in adolescence. Unsupervised access to information may arouse the adolescent's interest and predispose the use of drugs.MethodologyThis is a cross-sectional study using data from National School-based Health Survey (PeNSE, 2012), with sample of 109,104 Brazilian students in 42.717 schools. Outcomes were: self-reported use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs in the past 30 days. Main exposures were contextual and included: library and media resources availability, computer room and internet available at school. Data analysis included multilevel logistic regression.ResultsPrevalence of alcohol use was 25.2% (IC95% 24.7–25.6), tobacco use was 5.3% (IC95% 5.1–5.5) and use of other drugs was 2.6% (IC95% 2.5–2.7). Multilevel analysis showed that recent use of alcohol and tobacco was associated to the presence of computer room and internet, while the use of other drugs presented an association with all media.ConclusionResults indicate that supervision in access to information and communication resources may play a role on the prevention of alcohol, tobacco and other drugs use by students.

RESUMOObjetivo: Investigar a relação entre uma avaliação negativa do relacionamento entre pai e mãe e seu consumo de álcool segundo o relato de escolares de 12 a 14 anos do sul do Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal de base escolar, no qual foram visitadas todas as escolas dos municípios de Lajeado e Sapiranga, no interior do Rio Grande do Sul, em 2012, com amostragem aleatória, estratificada por sexo, idade, município e rede de ensino (pública estadual, pública municipal ou privada). Os dados foram submetidos a análise descritiva e a regressão de Poisson, com controle de efeito de delineamento para a variável escola. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 2.189 escolares, sendo 1.351 (61,7%) da cidade de Lajeado e 838 (38,3%) de Sapiranga. Não se identificou associação estatisticamente significativa entre consumo de álcool da mãe e relacionamento entre pai e mãe percebido como negativo. Já o consumo de álcool do pai reduziu a probabilidade de a relação entre ele e a mãe do escolar ser referida de modo negativo, na análise bruta [RP = 0,857 (IC95%: 0,744-0,988)]. Essa associação também desaparece na análise ajustada para sexo, idade e escolaridade do principal responsável. Conclusão: Do conjunto dos relatos dos escolares, não se mantém qualquer associação entre o consumo de álcool dos adultos e relacionamentos avaliados pelos jovens como negativos. Há risco de haver dissonância entre essas evidências e as que embasam discursos que indicam riscos decorrentes do consumo de álcool para as relações familiares. Aprofundar estudos como esse pode ser oportuno para qualificar políticas públicas na área. ABSTRACTObjective: To examine the relationship between parents' relationship and their alcohol consumption as reported by students from 12 to 14 years old. Methods: A cross-sectional school-based study was performed, visiting all schools of two towns in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil (2012), involving a sample stratified by gender, age, municipality and type of school (public or private). Data were submitted to descriptive and Poisson regression analysis with design effect control for the variable school. Results: The sample consisted of 2,189 students who were 1,351 (61.7%) from the city of Lajeado and 838 (38.3%) from Sapi-