Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important legume and oilseed crop as its seed contains 44-56% oil and 22-30% protein on a dry seed basis. The present research work was conducted on 18 genotypes of groundnut including checks during kharif, 2018 at the research farm of Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand. The objective of this research was to evaluate the performance of genotypes under rainfed condition in the field through morphological and physiological traits. The genotypes were sown in randomized block design with three replications in field and were statistically analyzed. The analysis of variance revealed significant genotypic differences among all the characters under study in rainfed condition suggesting high degree of variability among the genotypes grown. The GCV and PCV was recorded high for the characters such as kernel yield per plant, root weight per plot, pod yield per plant and proline content. Moderate GCV and PCV were observed for pod yield per plot, kernel yield per plot, SLA, SLW and harvest index. In this experiment, the characters which showed high heritability along with high genetic advance are kernel yield per plot, pod yield per plot, root weight, shoot weight, specific leaf area and proline content. Therefore these, traits might be useful in breeding and selection programme for further improvement of groundnut pod yield in the areas of Jharkhand state.

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The present experiment assesses the relative effectiveness and efficiency of two widely used chemical mutagens on two well adapted varieties of Mungbean namely Pusa Vishal and SML-668 which was treated with 3 different doses each of EMS (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6%) and Sodium azide (0.06, 0.08, and 0.1%). The relative effectiveness and efficiency was assessed from the data on biological damage in M 1 generation and frequency of chlorophyll mutants in M 2 generation. The mutagenic effectiveness was inversely proportional to the increasing concentrations or doses of mutagens in Sodium azide. Low concentrations were found to be most effective and had promotary effect on plant height, pods per plant, 100 seed weight, seed yield per plant, branches per plant and pod length while both promotary and inhibitory effect were observed for seeds per pod, days to flowering and days to maturity. Sodium azide (SA) was found to be more effective mutagen to produce high frequency of chlorophyll mutations followed by EMS. It was also found that the lower concentrations of both mutagens were most effective in both the varieties. The decrease in effectiveness with increasing concentrations of mutagen could be attributed to the biological damage (like seedling injury, lethality, and sterility) which increased with increase in dose at faster rate than the mutations. Mutagenic efficiency is referred to the frequency of chlorophyll mutations in relation to M 1 damage. Both the mutagens viz. EMS and Sodium azide exhibited gradual decrease in mutagenic efficiency with the increasing concentration or doses with respect to seedling injury and lethality.Effectiveness, efficiency, EMS, Sodium azide (SA), induced mutations, Mungbean AbstractArticle History

The prime and foremost objective of the study was to estimate the genetic variability for yield and its associated characteristics among the 23 genotypes of field pea and also to engender information regarding genetic parameters like range, mean, phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), heritability and genetic advance as a percentage over means for the18 traits under consideration. It was disclosed from the results of the analysis of variance that there exists a difference among the 23 genotypes for all the 18 traits under consideration. The trait including primary branches per plant, secondary branches per plant, plant height, swelling capacity, swelling index, biological yield per plant, and seed yield recorded high amounts of GCV and PCV. High heritability combined with high genetic advance was documented for the trait’s plant height and seeds per plant, whereas high heritability coupled with low genetic advance, was recorded for the trait’s days to fifty % flowering, days to maturity, primary branches per plant, secondary branches per plant, pod length, 100 seed weight, percent disease incidence and seed yield per plant. The existing variability identified can be further exploited in crop improvement of field pea