This research is; It is the testing of measurement models with the alternative models' strategy of the Nomophobia Scale, which was developed by Yildirim and Correia. For this purpose, data obtained from a sample of 303 physical education and sports undergraduate students in the fall semester of the 2020-2021 academic year. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was applied for the construct validity of the scale. Cronbach Alpha internal consistency and CR coefficients were calculated for reliability. The decomposition and convergence validities of the scale were tested with three alternative models with 3, 2 and 1 factors, using the X 2 difference tests of the predicted four-factor model (inability to access four-item information, losing five-item connection, inability to communicate with six items, not feeling comfortable with five items). The fact that the AVE values of the factors are lower than the CR values and the AVE values above .5 indicate that the factors have a combined validity. The fact that the AVE values of the factors are higher than the MSV and ASV values means that the factors have discrimination validity. In addition, the fact that the AVE scores of the factors are higher than the inter-factor correlations indicate that there is discrimination validity. From these results, the assumed fourfactor model is the model that provides the best fit with the data and the scale can be used as a highly valid and reliable tool for the physical education and sports undergraduate student stage.

Bu araştırma altyapı sporcularının bazı değişkenler ile antrenör-sporcu ilişkisi düzeylerinin sporcuların ahlaki karar alma tutumlarına etkisinin ortaya konulmasını amacı ile yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya 109 erkek sporcu, 131 kadın sporcu (yaş = 13,5±1,71) olmak toplam 240 sporcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Araştırmada Antrenör-Sporcu İlişkisi Envanteri ve Altyapı Sporlarında Ahlaki Karar Alma Tutumları ölçekleri veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Verilerin istatistiksel analizinde; betimsel istatistik, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, Cronbach alfa ve hiyerarşik regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Alt yapı sporcularının yaş, spor yaşı, antrenör ile çalıştığı sürenin özgün katkısının anlamlı olduğu ve hileyi benimsemek alt boyutunu (R=0,278; R 2 =0,077; Düzeltilmiş R 2 =0,065; F(3-236)= 6,582; p<0,05) ve yarışma severlik alt boyutunu (R=0,207; R 2 =0,043; Düzeltilmiş R 2 =0,031; F(3-236)= 3,538; p<0,05) etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Antrenör-sporcu ilişkisinin özgün katkısının da anlamlı olduğu hem hileyi benimsemek hem de yarışma severlik alt boyutunu etkilediği belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Antrenör-sporcu ilişkisinin ise özgün katkısının model içerisinde çok yüksek düzeyde anlamlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak; yaş ve spor yaş düzeyinin artması ile beraber zayıf düzeyde olsa hileyi benimseme düzeylerinin azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Antrenör ve sporcu arasında karşılıklı saygı, güven ve değer vermeyi ifade eden yakınlık alt boyutu ile ahlaki karar almada olumlu tutum ve davranışı temsil eden adilce kazanmak alt boyutu arasında pozitif doğrusal ilişkinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

In this study, the Audience Response System was investigated as an additional tool for interaction, and its effects on the educational environment were examined. The system was implemented at the Faculty of Sports Sciences of Trakya University in the fall semester of the 2019-2020 academic year. A pre-test of 20 questions, which was asked in the educational sciences section of the public personnel selection examination and had a similar item difficulty index, was applied to the experimental and control groups prior to the implementation of the ARS. Then, the experimental group was asked to solve the educational sciences questions with the help of the ARS-supported lectures, which were delivered 4 h a week for a total of 16 h. The same implementation was imposed on the control group without the ARS support and with the classical recitation method. A post-test of 20 questions with a similar item difficulty index was administered to both groups after this test. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 package program. A t-test was used to determine the differences between the arithmetic mean of the pre-test and post-test scores of the students. Because the unequaled&nbsp;control group method was used in the experiment design, the &ldquo;ANOVA for Repeated Measurements&rdquo; was used for intragroup and intergroup comparisons. In conclusion, it was determined that the implementation of interactive interaction technologies in the educational environment will capture the interest of students and amplify their motivation levels. The results of the study support the conclusion that the ARS system stimulates the sensory organs in terms of understanding the subject, thereby increasing the level of learning.

This study aims to examine the opinions of prospective teachers studying at the faculty of sports sciences about combat sports according to various variables. For this purpose, the “Attitude Scale towards Fighting Sports” created by Kayapınar et al. in 2016 was used. The population of the research consists of 1330 students studying at Trakya University Kırkpınar Faculty of Sports Sciences. The confidence interval of the study was considered 95% (p < 0.05). A total of 343 teacher candidates were reached by random sampling method. According to the "gender and training year" variables of the sample group, the scores they got from the Attitude Scale towards Fighting Sports were analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 package program. The normality distributions of the data were examined by examining the kurtosis and skewness values. Cronbach Alpha value was used in the reliability calculation of the dimensions. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the "gender" variable, one of the independent variables of the research, and the Kruskal-Wallis test for the "training year" variable. Rosenthal formula (r=Z/√N) was used to calculate the effect size of the meaningful results obtained with the test statistics. The effect sizes of the tests with statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) were calculated. As a result, significant difference was found in the "satisfaction" sub-dimension of the research scale according to the gender variable, and in the pleasure, incentive and all scale dimensions according to the athlete's background (p < 0.05).

obtained by applying KSBF entrance exam tennis test on the tennis court were recorded. Then, students were subjected to 32 hours of virtual tennis training in the school building with virtual reality training. At the last test stage; KSBF entrance exam tennis test was applied under the same conditions and the data were recorded. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS program and interpreted with the help of statistical table. As a result of the research; virtual tennis education applications have no effect on students who know how to play tennis, it has been determined that there is a significant developer effect on beginner players who do not know how to play tennis.