The State policy of regulation of agricultural sector is focused on the implementation of food security programs, increasing the availability of financing for agribusiness entities, optimal regimes of their taxation, subsidies, lending, support for innovative projects in seed production, breeding, reducing the cost of water, mineral fertilizers, seed disinfectants and herbicides, fuels and lubricants, equipment and machinery leasing. The mechanism for allocation of loans funds corresponds to the principles of repayment, urgency, payment, aimed at achieving specific goals. The article gives an assessment of modern operating systems of lending to rural producers: grain purchase; through the system of rural lending partnerships; provision of agricultural machinery and equipment on lease basis; production and purchase of livestock products; organization of spring field and harvesting works. The need to optimize government regulation based on agricultural protectionism is noted. The State should become the subject of regulation of competition on domestic market, which will increase the competitiveness of national agricultural production. It was revealed that direct budgetary support for prices for agricultural products is able to ensure the profitability of agricultural sector. The authors believe that one of the most successful mechanisms in the world practice is market of financial institutions aimed to provide the AIC with long-term and inexpensive loan resources. It is emphasized that the systems of stimulation of production, sale of seeds, certification and other organizational and economic measures of public support for selection and individual links of seed production of grain crops are of great importance

The object of this study were projects based on public-private partnership. The results of the state of public-private partnership projects in various sectors of the economy of the Central Asian countries and the assessment of the prospects for their development are presented. The study uses a comparative public-private partnership project and a forecast analysis of the economic performance of the economies of the Central Asian countries. A comparative analysis revealed the predominant areas of public-private partnership projects. The Republic of Kazakhstan is ahead of other Central Asian countries in the implementation of public-private partnership projects with a total cost of USD 2. 863 billion. There are 136 projects in the Republic of Uzbekistan, dominated by the sphere of housing and communal services (collection, removal, sorting, and processing of solid household waste) and the field of culture and sports. There are three agricultural projects in the Kyrgyz Republic. In the Republic of Tajikistan, 32 projects are being developed, mainly aimed at the development of transport infrastructure. Turkmenistan is implementing two projects related to transport infrastructure and manufacturing. Forecast analysis of economic indicators of countries makes it possible to identify the prerequisites for the use of market mechanisms to improve the agriculture of countries and the prospects for development from implementation for the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The most important task of the strategic development of countries with commodity economies is to increase food security. The creation of favorable conditions for the development of economic relations between the state and the private sector is inextricably linked with the need to provide state support measures and legal regulation

Issues and prospects of relations between the state and business have always been in the spotlight. They acquire particular relevance and significance when many sectors of economy need state support. The revision of the principles of agribusiness is fundamentally changing the approach to creating competitive enterprises in agricultural sector. One of the effective mechanisms is public-private partnership (PPP), which has not yet been fully studied, its potential has not been revealed. Successful implementation of PPP projects in grain products subcomplex requires an indepth study, generalization and systematization of the experience of their use by national and foreign companies that have achieved high results in this area. A detailed analysis of the directions for increasing the competitiveness of domestic grain industry, primarily targeted investment in the development of production, is needed. The goal is a comprehensive study of theoretical and methodological foundations for creating models of public-private partnership in the agro-industrial complex. Methods – synthesis, systematization of scientific views to determine the potential of PPP in agriculture. Results – essence and various interpretations of the concept of "public-private partnership" are shown, foreign experience in improving existing and emerging new forms of PPP as an institution for stimulating entrepreneurial activity is considered, the advantages of society, the state and business in the framework of public-private partnership are identified, as well as problems that constrain its development. Conclusions – based on the interpretation of the data, it has been established that discussions on PPP issues in the republic are due to the specifics and high risks in agricultural production, however, in a number of economically developed countries, this type of partnership has proven practical effectiveness and has become an important element in ensuring food security, attracting long-term investments in the agro-industrial complex, increasing its profitability, obtaining high quality products and their availability.

The goal is to substantiate the need for new approaches to considering the issues of interregional exchange as a factor in strengthening and deepening the processes of specialization in grain farming and agricultural sector as a whole. Methods – analysis and synthesis, accumulation and selection of facts, establishing links between them, comparison. Results – the article indicates that the development of interregional trade is aimed at saturating agricultural market of Kazakhstan with high-quality food products, expanding their range, reducing the total costs of production, selling agricultural raw materials and food, ensuring their guaranteed sale by domestic producers. The analysis of the trade turnover of the republic with the countries of the world, export and import of food products is presented. Information on the volume of gross agricultural production in 2020 compared to 2019 is presented, including crop and livestock production. It is noted that the previously established territorial-sectoral division of labor in the agro-industrial complex was violated, due to the orientation of each region towards maximum self-sufficiency in food products, which led to the ineffective use of bioclimatic potential, caused a decrease in production and a rise in the product cost, a decrease in its quality, deterioration of interregional ties. Differences in the yield of grain crops by regions, insufficient renewal of the infrastructure of the grain market and high tariffs for vehicles are shown. Conclusions – the implementation of the State Program on Development of the Agro-Industrial Complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2017-2021, the Business Roadmap - 2025 has expanded the benefits of specializing grain production in the country. It is necessary to revive the active participation of agricultural entities in interregional exchange, to find internal reserves for increasing commodity resources, and to search for optimal directions of cargo flows.

Food security occupies a special place in the system of national security of Kazakhstan, since the availability of food serves as a basic indicator of human activity. The country’s maximum participation in the international division of labor in the agro­industrial complex depends on solving the problem of food security. The choice of directions is determined by economic opportunities of the country, its role in the world, conducting of domestic agro­food policy, determination of advanced development strategy of agroindustrial complex, its basic branch – agriculture. Kazakhstan is the largest exporter of grain and takes leading place in the world in flour export. Thanks to good harvests in recent years, Kazakhstan was able to strengthen its ability to stabilize prices in the markets of Central Asia, Russian Federation, the Middle East, Europe and the Caucasus and improve its own prospects in terms of food security in the adjacent regions. The agriculture of Kazakhstan is in urgent need of modernization of its material and technical base, more advanced technologies and more effective and targeted state support, without which its dynamic development observed in recent years will be at risk.