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Introduction: Dengue fever, otherwise called break bone fever, is a mosquito borne tropical illness brought about by the dengue virus. In the present study an attempt was made to identify the reason for the year wise increase of dengue incidence in Madurai District .The object of Medical Geography is to study the geographical environment of human society and its influence on the health of man. In this direction the present study helps to understand how the disease governed by people attitude, behavior and knowledge among dengue Material and Methods: To fulfill the objectives Primary and Secondary data were collected. Stratified random sampling method was used to collect the primary data.450 respondents who were interviewed by direct questionnaire method, 20 variables were selected. Year wise dengue cases were collected from Deputy Directorate of Health Department Madurai. Results:During the previous ten years dengue cases become expanding significantly in Madurai district. In 2017 the percentage of dengue infection attains its zenith. When compared to 2012 dengue infection is doubled as 51% of cases in 2017. The increasing or decreasing rate of dengue infection depends on the knowledge, attitude and practice of people among dengue and it seems low in educated people also. Conclusion:Dengue affected areas not up to the mark even in educated people also. The initial phase in real life against the dengue mosquito is to educate communities about what dengue is and what measure can be taken to battle it. A reliable water supply is essential to prevent dengue fever. Water shortage force people to store water, which leads to breeding places for dengue mosquitoes.

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