Hydrogenation of Crotonaldehyde and Acetaldole with Modified Pd Carrier Catalysts. I. On the Influence of a Titanium Modification to Pd/Al2O3 Catalysts The modification of Pd/Al2O3 catalysts with titanium was studied in the hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde and acetaldole. In the result of the titanium modification the hydrogenation activity is increased and the formation of carbon monoxide is decreased. An electronic and geometric ensemble effect should be the reason for the palladium titanium interaction. The mechanism of the acetaldole conversion to butyraldehyde at 160°C is mainly determined by hydrogenolysis in one step and at 200°C by two steps consisting in dehydratization and hydrogenation.

Hydrogenation of Crotonaldehyde, Butyraldehyde and Acetaldole with Modified Ni Carrier Catalysts. I. On the Influence of a Copper Modification of Ni/Kaolin Catalysts The hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde, butyraldehyde and acetaldol in the presence of Ni‐Cu catalysts is a single‐centre reaction, whereas the decarbonylation of crotonaldehyde is a multi‐centre reaction. The ratio between the specific activities of the hydrogenation of the CC double bond and the carbonyl group is two. In the conversion of acetaldol the hydrogenolysis to butyraldehyde can be neglected in comparison with the hydrogenation to butan‐1,3‐diol.

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