[3,4]. A n alternative approach is to use the dual boundary elem ent m ethod (DBEM ) w ith a single region being used in the analysis and one crack face being m odeled using the displacem ent boundary integral equation and the other crack face being m odeled using the traction boundary integral equations. The DB EM therefore requires no subregioning and elim inates the singular algebraic equations.The purpose o f the present paper is to illustrate the effectiveness o f the DB EM for the LEFM analysis o f plate bending problem s. The D B EM is used to analyze several crack configurations in plates, including center crack, edge crack and cracks em anating from a hole in a finite w idth plate loaded by either bending and tension or uniform pressure, and the K l , K n , and K ш stress intensity factors are presented. The results for the case studies discussed in this paper have ©

This paper deals with the development of two new boundary element algorithms for solving 3D, frictional, and linear elastostatic contact problems. The main contribution of this research is that solving 3D boundary element models with nonconforming discretizations becomes possible for the first time by using the proposed algorithms. The new algorithms provide the contact constraint equations that will be added to the underdetermined linear system of equations. These algorithms are implemented in a new 3D boundary element code using C++ and verified using several numerical examples. For the models studied, the results using the new boundary element algorithms match well with the finite element results and clearly demonstrate the feasibility of the new boundary element approach for 3D contact analysis.

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