Background: Hydatid disease is an endemic parasitic disease of the Chaharmahal-E-Bakhtiari province in iran. Although the liver is the most commonly involved organ, the disease can be seen anywhere in the body. In the present study, I report my experience with unusually located hydatid cyst diagnosed and treated since 2008 till 2009.Methods: Ten patients with unusually located hydatid disease were analyzed. There were five men and five women in the present series. Buttock, umbilical, retroperitoneal, spleen, uterus, heart, rectus muscle, primary giant multiple abdominopelvic and bilateral lung and liver were the organs involved in the cases.Results: Total or partial cystectomy was the operation of choice for hydatid cysts.Conclusion: Hydatid disease can affect any organ in the body and suspicion of this disease should be considered in patients presenting with a cystic mass in endemic area.

In control human malaria infection studies using irradiated Plasmodium falciparum, the cell bank of irradiated P. falciparum infected erythrocytes is needed. The cell banking methods represent an obvious way to obtain suitable material for blood stage Plasmodium. In a cell bank development of irradiated Plasmodium infected erythrocytes, the ability to cryopreserve procedure of Plasmodium is important to recover the infectivity of irradiated Plasmodium. This study aims at evaluating the in vitro infectivity of cryopreserved irradiated intra-erythrocytic form of P. falciparum. A protein profile investigation using Sodium Dodecyl SulfatePolyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of cryopreserved irradiated P. falciparum also conducted in this study to know the cryopreserved effect on the protein of irradiated P. falciparum. Plasmodium falciparum of 3D7 strain in human erythrocytes was maintained in in vitro continuous culture. When the percentage of parasites was 1020 %, the culture was harvested and irradiated with gamma rays at a dose of 175 Gy. Irradiated P. falciparum then was mixed with cryopreserved solution and stored in -80 °C for one hour before transferred into liquid nitrogen for 20, 40 and 60 days. After being stored the irradiated P. falciparum was thawed and cultured for 20 days. The percentage of parasitaemia was enumerated by examining Giemsa stained thin blood films prepared for 20 days after initiation of culture. Results showed that storage time significantly (p<0.05) influence the percentage of parasitaemia. The cooling procedure and cryopreservation media may affect this study results. It also showed that there was insignificant difference of irradiated P. falciparum protein profile in all storage times. Overall it can be assumed that the irradiated P. falciparum still kept their infectivity after stored in liquid nitrogen for 60 days. Further study using different cooling procedure and different formula of cryopreservation media with a longer storage time should be conduct to validate this study results. There were different targets in malaria cycle for developing malaria vaccines. Pre-erythrocytic Atom Indonesia Vol. 43 No. 3 (2017) 167 -171 Atom Indonesia Journal homepage: http://aij.batan.go.id 167 S. Nurhayati et al. / Atom Indonesia Vol. 43 No. 3 (2017) 167 -171 11 vaccine aims to prevent sporozoites entry and develop in the liver, while asexual blood-stage vaccine prevents disease by targeting merozoite invasion and intra-erythrocytic development; and the transmission-blocking vaccine targets on the sexual and sporogonic stages to prevent parasite development in the mosquito [2].Eventhough developing a vaccine using ionizing radiation has some advantage because it can remove chemical contaminants and penetrate pathogens to damage the DNA, but it has not been pursued avidly over the past 20 years. There are two reasons why radiation technology was no longer used in vaccine development. First, the development of new radiation techniques has been considered impractical or di...

The immune system is one of the most significant defenses against environmental insults including natural radiation. The purpose of this preliminary study was to assess the effects of high natural radiation to Mamuju residents, by focusing on immune-related blood cell counts (leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) level. The blood samples were collected from 18 adult residents in a high background radiation area (HBRA) while 18 residents in a normal background radiation area (NBRA) served as a control group. The blood components were measured by using the hematopoietic analyzer, and IgE immune biomarker was measured with ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) according to standard protocols. The data showed that the level of all blood cells, except for monocytes, of residents in HBRA was higher than that of NBRA. Statistical analysis revealed that there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the blood cell counts and IgE level in both groups and their values were within normal limits. The level of IgE in HBRA was significantly higher than the control area (P≤0.05), as its IgE level in males compared to females in both residents. The relationship between IgE level and age were negative in these residents. From this study, it was concluded that long-term exposure to high radiation may affect the immune system as one of radiation adaptive response.