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Surniyantoro HNE, Lusiyanti Y, Rahardjo T, Nurhayati S, Tetriana D. 2018. Association between XRCC1 exon 10(Arg399Gln) gene polymorphism and micronucleus as a predictor of DNA damage among radiation workers. Biodiversitas 19: 1676-1682. This study was aimed to examine the association between XRCC1 exon 10 gene polymorphism and micronucleus frequencies inradiation workers and their relation to the confounding factors. This study involved 37 radiation workers and 37 controls from severalhospitals in Indonesia. Genotyping of X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) exon 10 gene polymorphism and micronucleusassay were performed using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and Cytokinesis-Block Micronucleus assay (CBMN assay), respectively. The results indicated that MN frequencies were not significantly higher in theexposed workers than in controls (20.46±6.42 versus 16.89 ±9.72; P=0.07). The micronucleus frequencies of radiation workers withmutant genotype showed not significantly higher than controls in the same genotypes (22±6.64 versus 11.75 ± 8.13; P=0.11). Theconfounding factors, like age, years of employment and equivalent doses were significantly associated with micronucleus frequencies(P<0.05). The equivalent dose has a significantly positive correlation with micronucleus frequencies among radiation workers,increasing the MN frequencies by 16.3 per 1 mSv of equivalent dose (P=0.001). The genetic polymorphism of XRCC1 gene exon 10demonstrated no association with the extent of DNA damage in the hospital radiation workers. The MN frequencies were stronglyassociated with age, equivalent dose and years of employment.

Abstract. Surniyantoro HNE, Darlina, Nurhayati S, Tetriana D, Syaifudin M. 2016. Gamma ray irradiation inhibits Plasmodium falciparum multiplication in in vitro culture supplemented with tritium labeled hypoxanthine. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 8-13. Malaria remains a major public health threat in the world. Therefore an attempt to create malaria vaccine for supporting the control of disease was taken by attenuating parasites with gamma rays and it was proven effective based on microscopic observation. Objective of this research was to assess the effectiveness of gamma rays to attenuate malaria parasites based on isotopic method. A laboratory strain of P. falciparum (3D7) was in vitro cultured with standard procedure and it was irradiated with gamma rays at doses of 150-250 Gy and unirradiated parasites served as control. Twenty four hours after 1-2 µCi of 3 H-hypoxanthine was added into culture 100 µl of medium was taken and was repeated at various times, then hypoxanthine incorporation was measured with beta counter. Microscopic observation of parasitemia in culture was also done. The results showed that there was a fluctuation in multiplication of parasites post irradiation mainly in higher dose (more than150 Gy). Irradiated of parasites were more active in incorporate with purine precursor up to 48 hours. Parasites returned to their highest activity at 116 hours after hypoxanthine addition. No significant difference was found among doses of irradiation with p of 0.05. This was quite different with the finding from microscopic observation. It was known that dose of 150 Gy was the most effective dose for inhibiting of the parasite multiplication where some factors affecting these facts.

Abstract. Surniyantoro HNE, Rahajeng N, Lusiyanti Y, Rahardjo T, Erawati D, Choridah L, Dhamiyati W, Dwidanarti SR. 2019. Interaction of Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln genotypes with the risk of radiation on cancer patients. Biodiversitas 20: 2128-2133. Two of the common single-nucleotide polymorphisms are X-ray repair cross-complementary group 1 on exon 6 (Arg194Trp) and exon 10 (Arg399Gln). The purpose of this study was to determine the interactions between Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln genotypes combination with the risk of radiation on cancer patients in Indonesia, linked to micronuclei frequency as a biomarker of DNA damage. This study consisted of 19 patients with various cancer as the case group and 37 non-cancer participants as the control group. The determination of Arg149Trp and Arg399Gln alleles were performed using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism. Micronuclei assay was performed using Cytokinesis-block micronuclei cytome assay. The results of our study showed that micronuclei frequency was very significantly higher in the cancer patients compared to controls (111.16 ± 76.24 versus 16.89 ± 9.72, p<0.0001). Patients with heterozygous mutant genotypes CT had a lower frequency of micronuclei than patients with normal CC genotypes (105.6 ± 80.97 versus 117.33 ± 74.97). Likewise, patients with mutant genotype AA had a lower frequency of micronuclei than patients with normal GG genotype (64 versus 129.71 ± 90.68). The genetic polymorphisms of Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln demonstrated an association with the level of DNA damage on cancer patients.

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