Surface modification with the plasma of the direct current reactive magnetron sputtering has demonstrated its efficacy as a tool for enhancing the biocompatibility of polymeric electrospun scaffolds. Improvement of the surface wettability of materials with water, as well as the formation of active chemical bonds in the near-surface layers, are the main reasons for the described effect. These surface effects are also known to increase the release rate of drugs incorporated in fibers. Herein, we investigated the effect of plasma modification on the chloramphenicol release from electrospun poly (lactic acid) fibrous scaffolds. Scaffolds with high—50 wt./wt. %—drug content were obtained. It was shown that plasma modification leads to an increase in the drug release rate and drug diffusion coefficient, while not deteriorating surface morphology and mechanical properties of scaffolds. The materials’ antibacterial activity was observed to increase in the first day of the experiment, while remaining on the same level as the unmodified group during the next six days. The proposed technique for modifying the surface of scaffolds will be useful for obtaining drug delivery systems with controlled accelerated release, which can expand the possibilities of local applications of antibiotics and other drugs.

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The development of surgery in the field of bone tissue reconstruction provides a stable demand for new materials for implants. Of particular interest are materials based on hydroxyapatite, which are close in chemical composition to the elemental composition and structure of bone and have similar biologically active properties. In this work, the regularities of the formation of new composite materials based on a zinc-modified hydroxyapatite framework coated with a copolymer of lactide and glycolide were revealed for the first time. The aim of this work was to obtain porous composite materials based on zinc-modified hydroxyapatite and a copolymer of lactide and glycolide with properties suitable for use as a material for bone implants. The phase and elemental composition of the composites was studied by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray spectral microanalysis. Regularities have been established between the surface properties and the composition of materials, as well as their biocompatibility, determined using monocytes isolated from human peripheral blood. The antibacterial activity of the materials against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was determined.

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