Soybeans (Glycine max L.) fertilized with either NH4‐N or NO3‐N were grown in a growth chamber using soil with four different initial pH levels. Liming the soil used in this research to increase pH decreased the P level in solution. Fertilization of soybeans with NH4‐N decreased the pH of the rhizocylinder (root plus strongly adhering soil); fertilization with NO3‐ increased rhizocylinder pH. The difference between the rhizocylinder pH of the NH4+ and NO3‐ treatments was as large as 1.9 pH units with an initial soil pH of 5.2 and as small as 0.2 units when soil pH prior to N application was 7.8.Ammonium‐fertilized soybeans absorbed more P and had a higher P concentration than NO3‐fertilized soybeans. The results for soybeans grown with NH4+ and NO3‐ treatments at four initial soil pH levels showed that the P content of the shoots and roots was closely correlated with the pH of the rhizocylinder, but not the pH of the bulk soil. This suggests that the increased availability of P from the soil where NH4+ was used was mainly due to the effect of the nitrogen source on the pH of the rhizosphere soil.Soybean root length decreased from 180 to 120 m/gram of dry roots as the pH of the rhizocylinder increased from 4.7 to 7.5.

Investigation of the root‐soil interface environment of soybean roots showed an accumulation of HCO3 and an increase in pH as compared to the original soil. The magnitude of the HCO3 accumulation and pH increases was related to the NO3 level of the soil solution. This effect was attributed to a greater uptake of anions than cations by the plant so that HCO3 release maintained electrical neutrality. The pH increased by as much as one unit and HCO3 accumulation was as great as 35 meq/100 g of dry roots.

Water soluble salts accumulated at the soybean (Glycine max L.) root‐soil interface and in the rhizosphere soil when salts, dissolved in the soil solution, moved to the root surface at a greater rate than they were absorbed by the roots. Salt accumulation increased with increase of salt concentration in the soil solution and transpiration rate. The average salt accumulation decreased with increase in the average age of the roots.

Field screening of 22 multiple virus-resistant pepper breeding lines, along with 11 commercial cultivars of jalepeno, bell, pimiento, serrano, yellow, cayenne, chile, and cherry type peppers was conducted at the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station in Weslaco, TX. The lines were arranged in a randomized complete block with three replications using 3 m. single row plots with one plant every 30 cm. Fertilization and irrigation practices were standard for the region. Two applications of Pounce® at a rate of 17 ml in 26.5 liters of water were applied at 68 and 76 days after transplant to prevent excessively high PW densities. Ten terminal buds from two plants per plot were examined twice a week recording the number of PW adults and buds and pods with oviposition scars. The numbers of fallen buds and fruit with and without oviposition scars were also recorded. Plant phenology was examined by recording the number of buds, flower and fruit of each line once a week. Yield and fruit quality data were recorded after each of four harvests 68, 75, 87, and 95 days after transplant.

Soybeans were grown for 18 days in a silt loam soil containing 0 to 20 ppm 2‐chloro‐6‐(trichloromethyl) pyridine (N‐Serve). Yield of shoots was reduced by concentrations of 8 and 20 ppm and their morphology was altered with concentrations as low as 1 ppm. Yield of roots was not greatly affected by up to 20 ppm, but their morphology was drastically altered with 8 and 20 ppm. Production of NO3 in the soil was reduced 90% by 8 and 20 ppm, 60% by 3 ppm and only slightly by 1 and 0.5 ppm of 2‐chloro‐6‐(trichloromethyl) pyridine.