A process-flow diagram of the construction of backwater-aeration regulating structures is developed.Backwater-aeration regulating structures (BARS) formed from flexible materials, which aerate the flow and also partially regulate the upper pool within the range from 0.2 to 1.2 m, can be used to improve the self-purification of small water courses [1]. The water level required for aeration of the flow is maintained in the low-water period, and virtually free passage of the flow is ensured during the spring flood, since the spillway wall is pressed against the bottom of the water course. Some BARS structures have been installed in the discharge channels of the Bagaevsko-Sadkovskaya irrigation system (Bg-SM-5). Since one of the most important characteristics of the discharge channels is their carrying capacity, it is necessary to evaluate the latter after installation of the BARS.In the central portion of the BARS is a new type of flexible spillway with varying geometric parameters. This spillway is reinforced in the lower section, and is free to move in the upper section, depending on the flexibility of the material, flow rate, and water level in the upper and lower pools [2,3]. The discharge may take place both over the crest of the spillway, and also through its lateral sides, thereby increasing the spillway front; this will enhance the aeration efficiency of the water course by providing free access of air to the space beneath the jet.To determine the hydraulic characteristics of the spillway in question, we conducted experimental investigations in the hydraulics laboratory of the Novocherkassk Reclamation Academy (Fig. 1). A model of the flexible spillway was placed in a hydraulic flume 1 m wide, 6 m long, and 0.55 m high. The flexible spillway under investigation with its 600-mm wide threshold was fashioned from a corded rubber material 32 mm thick, and has an open-lining perimeter of 400 mm. The height of the spillway wall was varied within the limits from 115 to 350 mm, and the horizontal projection of the distance from the point where the spillway attaches to its crest -from 250 to 350 mm. The flow rates ranged from 0.005 to 0.035 m 3 /sec. A series of experiments were conducted with and without discharge passed through the lateral sides of the spillway. We investigated regimes where the level of discharge increased, and, conversely, remained steady over the flexible spillway, and also its characteristic geometric and hydraulic parameters. The modeling was car-

The article discusses the optimization of parameters of environmentally friendly technologies in the processing of liquid waste in order to obtain organic fertilizer and liquid phase for irrigation and increase the fertility of agricultural land. These parameters are established on the basis of studies of the processes of reagent fractionation of highly concentrated biogenic elements of liquid waste from pig farms. The regression equations were used for the experimental data obtained by studying the influence of the doses of ammophos suspension on the process of separation of liquid waste, the settling time in sedimentation tanks, and also the initial temperature of liquid waste. An optimization model of the reagent process has been created, which allows, depending on the volume of treated waste, to determine the ratio of reagent doses and settling time.

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The development of infrastructure and environmental safety of the natural systems of the Far North requires new techno-natural buildings and structures which can be created using composite nanomaterials. These materials have to embrace an enhanced resistance to temperature, subsidence and ice conditions. At the same time, it is necessary to justify new technical solutions for hydraulic structures including their bases, water-retaining structures, engineering protection, etc. It is also important to develop technical recommendations based on theoretical, experimental, field studies, ecological, environmental and social performance indicators of new technical solutions of elements or structures as a whole. The article provides substantiations for individual structural elements, i.e. primer columns, reinforcing tapes; it also describes necessary conditions for composite nanomaterials that are taken into account in different climatic conditions and ensure the restoration of damaged areas and the life-cycle time of an entire structure. It is proposed to take into account the heteromodularity of the composite nanomaterials (properties of hydrophobicity, tribology, reagance). The proposed new technical solutions will allow to improve the infrastructure of urban areas by increasing their quality, in particular, transport, hydropower and water supply systems. It is recommended to use membrane, soil filling, soil reinforcing, soil strengthening structures and their combinations as water retaining, regulating, flood controlling, bank protecting and antimud slide protection structures. A widespread introduction of such structures requires additional experimental, theoretical and field studies of properties of new nanomaterials.