Palavras-chave: Solanum licopersicum, precisão experimental, planejamento experimental, ensaio de uniformidade. ABSTRACTSample size and plot size for growth and productivity characteristics of tomatoThe aim of this study was to estimate the sample size and the plot size for growth and productivity characteristics in different moments of development of tomato grown under high tunnel and in field during the seasons of spring-summer and autumn-winter. The growth variables studied were plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter in the collar and stem diameter at the first inflorescence; and, the productivity variables were the number of inflorescences/ infructescences and the number of fruits per plant, evaluated at different moments of the crop development. When the variances among the rows of the crop were heterogeneous, the sample size was calculated with the highest coefficient of variation (CV) among the rows of the crop, and when they were homogenous, the sample size was calculated with the average CV. The plot size was calculated by the methods of the maximum curvature modified and maximum curvature of coefficient of variation and the differences in percentage of average by the Hatheway method. For a single recommendation of the sample size, considering the semi-amplitude of confidence interval of 10%, the sample size in the crop row is 9 and 22 plants, respectively, for the growth and productivity characteristics in high tunnel, and 7 and 16 plants in the crop row, respectively, for the growth and productivity characteristics in the field. The plot size for the growth characteristics is 3 plants in the crop row and, for the productive characteristics, plots of 7 plants in the crop row.

No abstract

Foi verificado o atendimento às pressuposições do modelo matemático e, identificadas transformações de dados para variáveis produtivas e morfológicas de tomateiro em experimentos em túnel plástico e em campo, considerando cada data de colheita e colheitas agrupadas em duas estações de cultivo. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos em túnel plástico e um em campo, ambos no delineamento de blocos ao acaso com três repetições. Foram analisados a massa, número, comprimento e largura de frutos. Foram utilizados os testes de não aditividade de Tukey, Lilliefors, Bartlett e de Aleatoriedade para verificar respectivamente, a aditividade dos efeitos do modelo, normalidade, homogeneidade e aleatoriedade dos erros. Nos casos de violação, os dados foram transformados, e novamente submetidos à análise das pressuposições do modelo matemático. As variáveis produtivas e morfológicas de tomateiro apresentam atendimento ao pressuposto da aditividade dos efeitos. Ocorrem violações das variáveis produtivas e morfológicas às pressuposições de normalidade, homogeneidade e aleatoriedade dos erros. O agrupamento de todas as colheitas para análise proporciona atendimento das variáveis produtivas e morfológicas aos pressupostos de normalidade e homogeneidade dos erros. A transformação que possibilita maior proporção de atendimento das variáveis produtivas e morfológicas aos pressupostos de normalidade, homogeneidade e aleatoriedade dos erros é a raiz quadrada.

The aim of this work was to determine the uniformity trial size for estimating the optimum plot size in order to evaluate the fruit mass of tomato, snap-beans and zucchini. The mass of fruits was evaluated in uniformity trials with tomato grown in plastic tunnel in spring-summer and autumn-winter seasons, with snap-beans in plastic greenhouse in autumn-winter season and, with zucchini in plastic greenhouse in summer-autumn and winter-spring seasons. These data were used for planning different sizes of uniformity trials and resampling with replacement was used to estimate the optimum plot size by the method of maximum curvature of the coefficient of variation model. The size of uniformity trials influences the estimation of the optimum plot size for evaluating the mass of fruits of tomato, snap-beans and zucchini. Uniformity trials with tomato with 12 basic experimental units (12 plants) and with snap-beans with 21 basic experimental units (42 plants) are enough for estimating the optimum plot size for evaluating the mass of fruits in plastic tunnel with a confidence interval of 95% minor or equal to two basic experimental units. Uniformity trials with snap-beans with 18 basic experimental units (36 plants) and with zucchini with ten basic experimental units (ten plants) in plastic greenhouse are enough for estimating the optimum plot size for evaluating the mass of fruits with a confidence interval of 95% minor or equal to three basic experimental units.

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação de Acrescent