A chemical power cell is suggested, in which the positive and negative electrodes are placed each in its own electrolyte. This makes it possible to obtain the highest absolute value of the electrode potential of each electrode. The electromotive force and the maximum theoretical specific energy are calculated for an acid-alkaline-salt battery of the zinc-dioxide3lead system.

Regeneration of an acid solution for copper etching, based on copper(II) chloride, hydrochloric acid, and ammonium chloride, by membrane electrolysis was studied. The concentrations of copper(I, II) ions in the cathode and anode spaces, current efficiency, degree of copper recovery, and specific consumption of electric power at different quantities of electricity passed through the electrolyzer were measured. The influence exerted by the current density on the electric power expenditure for recovery of metallic copper was examined. The anode current efficiency by chlorine was determined with a spent etching solution and an H 2 SO 4 solution used as anolyte.

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The possibility of electrochemical regeneration of a solution for electroless copper plating by membrane electrolysis was studied. The conditions of anodic dissolution of copper in a spent solution for electroless copper plating, under which the concentration of copper ions increases at a rate exceeding by an order of magnitude that of their deposition in the course of electroless copper plating, were examined. A scheme for regeneration of spent solutions for electroless copper plating was suggested.