No abstract

A Gram-stain-positive, endospore-forming, aerobic and thermophilic bacterium, designated strain LC2-13A T , was isolated from Cisolok geyser, West Java, Indonesia, at 50 C. The isolate was rod-shaped and motile by means of peritrichous flagella. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C 16 : 0 , C 16 : 0 and anteiso-C 15 : 0 and the major quinone was menaquinone 7. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The genomic DNA G+C content was 56.6 mol% and the major diagnostic diamino acid in the cellwall peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain LC2-13A T is related most closely to Paenibacillus kobensis DSM 10249 T (94.86 % similarity), Paenibacillus tarimensis SA-7-6 T (94.77 %) and Paenibacillus barengoltzii SAFN-016 T (94.77 %). On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic evidence, strain LC2-13A T is affiliated to the genus Paenibacillus, but could be distinguished from recognized species of this genus. A novel species with the name Paenibacillus cisolokensis sp. nov. is thus proposed. The type strain is LC2-13A T (=UICC B-42 T =NRRL B-65368 T =DSM 101873 T ).

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Thermophilic bacteria from litter deposited at Cipanas hot spring of mount Galunggung, Tasikmalaya, West Java, Indonesia, were isolated using a culture-dependent approach. Medium International Streptomyces Project (ISP) 1 solidified with gellan gum was used as an isolation medium. Isolation plates were incubated at 50°C for three weeks. The physicochemical analysis showed that the hot spring has a neutral pH and temperatures ranging from 50−56°C. A total of 16 bacterial isolates were obtained and purified. The analysis of partial 16S rRNA gene sequences data and phylogenetic analyses showed that they belong to Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla. The majority of bacterial isolates are spore-forming bacteria. The molecular identification based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence data showed that they belong to Aneurinibacillus thermoaerophilus (1); Brevibacillus gelatini (7); Bacillus licheniformis (1); Chelatococcus composti (1); Laceyella sacchari (2); Paenibacillus barengoltzii (1); and Pseudoxanthomonas taiwanensis (3). Percentage sequence similarities to their closest taxa were 91 to 99%. Phylogenetic analysis shed a light to the detection of candidates of novel taxa from litter of mount Galunggung hot spring.